Eduze kwedolobhana laseGlinoe, esifundeni saseSlobodzeya, abavubukuli bakwaPridnestrovian bathola indawo yokungcwaba iqhawe lamaMongol.
Ukuba yingxenye yezikhulu zezempi eziphakeme kunawo wonke kufakazelwa iqoqo lezikhali kanye nokungcwatshwa kwehhashi okuhlelwe eduze kwethuna, kubika i novostipmr.com
Abasebenzi belabhorethri yocwaningo "Archaeology" yasePridnestrovian State University bathole lokhu ngesikhathi befunda amabhala acekeleke phansi. Ukumba, empeleni, kuyahlenga - kukuvumela ukuthi uthole futhi ulondoloze izinto zakudala eziqukethe ulwazi lomlando oluyingqayizivele. Kulo nyaka, ucwaningo lwenziwe ngenxa yesibonelelo sikamongameli ngaphansi kohlelo lokweseka amaphrojekthi ezenhlalo namasiko.
Phakathi kwezinto zobuciko zethuna leqhawe: imicibisholo yensimbi enezimo ezihlukahlukene, inkemba nesabha ende, izingxenye ezihlukene zegxolo le-birch bark zilondoloziwe. Ukuhlaziywa okuyinhloko kwalezi zinto kanye nezakhi zomkhosi wokungcwaba (ukwakheka komgodi, ukuqondiswa kwamathambo) kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukunquma isikhathi sokungcwatshwa: lokhu ukuphela kwekhulu le-13 - inkathi yokungcwaba. ukubusa kweGolden Horde emathafeni esifunda saseNyakatho Black Sea.
Uma sibheka ubukhulu bohlaka lwamathambo, le ndoda yayingemude ngesikhathi sokuphila kwayo - cishe amamitha ayi-1.6. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-saber etholakala kuye ingamamitha angu-1.3 ubude. Lokhu kubonakala ngokucacile esithombeni. I-hilt itholakala emathanjeni ehlombe okungcwatshwa, futhi umkhawulo we-blade ufinyelela emlenzeni ophansi. Leli qhawe laliphethe isabula elicishe lilingane nelakhe.
Lokhu kukhuluma ngamandla kanye nobuciko bomuntu, okuqinisekiswa amathambo akhe abanzi. Ukuma kogebhezi kanye nezihlathi ezigqamile, nakho kukhuluma ngomsuka walo wamaMongoloid.
Umgodla ubonisa ukuthi le ndoda yayinekhono lokucibishela. Wayekwazi ukuphatha imicibisholo enamacebiso ahlukene, ahlukene ngokuma nangesisindo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona ezinkulu ezinamalobe amathathu futhi ezimise okwedayimane.
Lapho zisetshenziswa ngobuciko endaweni emfishane, zazibhoboza izembatho zempi nezinhlamvu, okuzenza ziphumelele kakhulu ekulweni namasosha ahamba ngezinyawo ahlome kakhulu noma abagibeli bamahhashi.
Eminyakeni engamakhulu ayisikhombisa, ukugqwala kuye kwakhubaza izinto zensimbi, futhi manje seziyizingcezu zensimbi. Ngokwesibonelo, abavubukuli bahlanganisa i-saber ngokoqobo isiqeshana ngasinye. Futhi kuthatha okungenani ezinye izinyanga eziyisithupha ukubuyisela i-artifact.
UDokotela Wesayensi Yezomlando u-Vitaly Sinika, ophethe uhambo lwe-Research Laboratory "Archaeology", uphakamise ukuthi ukungcwatshwa kweqhawe laseMongol kungase kube yinkomba yempi ye-internecine e-Golden Horde phakathi kukaKhan Tokhta nombusi wezindawo zasentshonalanga, Beklarbek Nogay. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-13, uNogai wabusa amazwe aphakathi kwemifula iDanube neDnieper futhi wayenamandla kangangokuthi waphishekela umgomo wokuzibusa futhi wazenzela owakhe uhlamvu lwemali. Ngisho nombusi waseByzantium, uMichael Palaiologos, washada naye, washada nendodakazi yakhe u-Euphrosyne ngoNogai.
I-beklyarbek enamandla (umbusi phezu kwababusi) yasiza omunye wenzalo kaGenghis Khan Tokhte ukunqoba umzabalazo wokubusa e-Golden Horde. Kodwa uTokhtu, owathatha isihlalo sobukhosi, wayekhathazekile ngokuzimela komngane wakhe, okwagcina kuholele ezingxabanweni zezempi. Impi phakathi kukaNogay noTokhta, ngokusho kwemithombo yama-Arabhu, yenzeke ngo-1300 endaweni yaseKukanlyk. Izazi-mlando zibeka leli gama ngezindlela ezahlukene: abanye bakholelwa ukuthi lesi yichweba laseKuyalnik, abanye bakholelwa ukuthi sikhuluma ngeLake Kuchurgan. Ngandlela-thile, kodwa impi yaphela ekunqotshweni nasekufeni kukaNogayi.
Kungenzeka ukuthi iqhawe lamaMongol elivela eduze neGlinoye lahlanganyela kule mpi yaseKukanlyk, eyenzeka endaweni ethile phakathi kweDniester ne-Southern Bug. Angase alimale kanzima futhi afe ngesikhathi sokuhlehla kwezinsalela zamabutho kaNogayi. Kuze kube manje, lena inguqulo kuphela, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luzoqinisekisa noma luphikise. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi imivubukulo yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthola izinhlamvu ezintsha zomlando wasendulo we-Pridnestrovie kuqinisekiswa njalo ngonyaka.
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