Abafundisi bezilimi zakwamanye amazwe (uLettori) abavela emanyuvesi kulo lonke elase-Italy bahlangane eRoma ngoLwesibili olwedlule bezobhikishela izimo zokusebenza ezicwasayo asebetholwe kuzo amashumi eminyaka. Umbhikisho wenziwa ngaphandle kwamahhovisi kangqongqoshe onekhono kuleli cala, uNgqongqoshe wezeMfundo ePhakeme noCwaningo, u-Anna Maria Bernini.
Ngaphandle kokudangala ngenxa yemvula enamandla nengapheli, abakwaLettori, kumarota nangezilimi zabo zebele, banxuse uNgqongqoshe uBernini ukuthi aqede ukucwaswa kothisha abangebona abezwelonke emanyuvesi. Izingqwembe nezibhengezo kuzo zonke izilimi zeNyunyana zibhekisela emishweni yeNkantolo Yobulungisa ye-European Union(CJEU) evuna i-Lettori, izigwebo i-Italy engakaze iyisebenzise.
NgoSepthemba 2021 i-European Commission yavula amacala okuphula umthetho ngokumelene ne-Italy ngokwehluleka kwayo ukusebenzisa isinqumo se-CJEU sango-2006. Ikesi C-119/04 , okokugcina kwe 4 izinqumo ngivuna i-Lettori emgqeni wezomthetho osukela emuva ku-seminal U-Allué uyabusa we-1989. Usuku lwe-Pilar Allué. ucezu olushicilelwe ku The European Times ngoMeyi walonyaka ilandisa ngendlela i-Italy ekwazile ngayo ukubalekela izibopho zayo ku-Lettori ngaphansi kwesinye salezi zinqumo ze-CJEU kusukela ngo-1989 kuze kube manje.
Ukuqaliswa kwesinqumo sika-2006 kudinga nje ukuthi amanyuvesi akhokhele izinxephezelo zokwakhiwa kabusha komsebenzi kusukela ngosuku aqashwa ngalo okokuqala e-Lettori ngokusekelwe kupharamitha encane yomcwaningi wetoho noma amapharamitha angcono azuzwe phambi kwezinkantolo zase-Italy, njengoba kuhlinzekelwe ngaphansi. imigomo yomthetho wase-Italy ka-March 2004, umthetho owavunywa yi-CJEU. Ngokushesha ngemva kwesinqumo sika-2006, izinkantolo zendawo zazivame ukunikeza u-Lettertori izivumelwano ezinjalo.
Kodwa, ngemizamo yayo yokuzama ukubalekela umthetho wecala lase-Lettori weNkantolo, i-Italy yabe isishaya uMthetho we-Gelmini ka-2010, umthetho owawuhumusha ngokuphindaphindiwe umthetho wawo ka-March 2004 ngendlela evimbelayo owabeka imingcele ekwakhiweni kabusha komsebenzi okufanele. eLettori, akukho lapho kuvunyelwa khona imingcele esinqumweni sika-2006. Kamuva, isimemezelo sika-2019 songqongqoshe esiyinkimbinkimbi yokuphatha yaseByzantium ngokufanayo sabukelwa phansi futhi sazungeza ukukhokhelwa okufanele ngaphansi kwesigwebo seNkantolo.
I-Asso.CEL.L, inhlangano yamahhala yokubhalisa eyakhiwe “e-La Sapienza” University of Rome, inyuvesi enkulu kunazo zonke eYurophu, ingummangali ezinqubweni zokwephulwa kwemithetho yeKhomishana ngokumelene ne-Italy. Ukufakazela ubukhona kanye nokuqhubeka kokwephulwa komthetho ubufakazi obulethwe ngabamangali bubaluleke kakhulu. Ngosizo lwe-FLC CGIL, inyunyana yabasebenzi enkulu kunazo zonke e-Italy, i-Asso.CEL.L yenza a ukubalwa kwabantu kuzwelonke we-Lettori oqashwe noma othathe umhlalaphansi emanyuvesi ase-Italy. Inyuvesi yinyuvesi i-census ebhalwe ngendlela eyanelisa iKhomishana ngokungakhokhwa kwezindawo zokuhlala okwakumele zikhokhelwe ngaphansi kwesinqumo sika-2006.
AbakwaLettori, abafika e-Italy bezofundisa ulimi namasiko amazwe abo emanyuvesi, bayizizwe cishe zawo wonke amazwe angamalungu EU. Abaningi manje sebeye bathatha umhlalaphansi bengakaze basebenze ngaphansi kwezimo zokwelashwa okulinganayo phakathi nomsebenzi wabo. Izimpesheni abazitholayo ngokusekelwe emiholweni emincane nebandlululo abayithola emisebenzini yabo ibenza babe ngaphansi kwesilinganiso sobumpofu emazweni abo. ULettori osewathatha umhlalaphansi uphume ngobuningi bawo embhikishweni wangoLwesibili.
Enkulumweni eyamukelwe kahle kozakwabo ababehlangene, umxhumanisi kazwelonke we-FLC CGIL Lettori, u-John Gilbert, umfundisi e-Università di Firenze, ukhumbule umlando wezomthetho nomthetho we-Lettori futhi waveza imizamo yakamuva yenyunyana yakhe egameni likaLettori. . Lokhu kubandakanya umkhankaso owanxenxa wonke umuntu Ama-MEP ase-Italy ngokuseseka kwawo kanye nezincwadi ezivela kuNobhala-Jikelele uSig. U-Francesco Sinopoli kuKhomishana Wezemisebenzi Namalungelo Ezenhlalakahle, u-Nicholas Schmit, ebeka icala lokuhambisa ukuqulwa kwecala lokwephulwa kubekwe esigabeni semibono. Ngalokhu kugqugquzelwa, i-FLC CGIL empeleni ifuna ukushushiswa kukahulumeni kazwelonke ngokuphathwa kwawo okucwasayo kwabangebona abezizwe.
Ukubeka ilungelo lokulinganisa ukwelashwa kumongo wamalungelo jikelele ezakhamuzi zaseYurophu, ikhomishana ithi ilungelo "mhlawumbe liyilungelo elibaluleke kakhulu ngaphansi komthetho womphakathi kanye nesici esibalulekile sokuba yisakhamuzi saseYurophu". Okufanele kube yilungelo elizenzakalelayo kugodlwe i-Lettori amashumi eminyaka ngenxa yokungaguquki kwe-Italy.
Ukuthi izinhlelo ezikhona zivumela isimo lapho i-Italy ingaziba izinqumo ze-Lettori zeNkantolo Yezobulungiswa ngaphandle kokujeziswa kuyimbangela yokukhathazeka ngo-MEP wase-Ireland u-Clare Daly. Yena umbuzo wephalamende kuKhomishini, esayinwe ngokuhlanganyela amanye ama-MEP angu-7 ase-Ireland, igqamisa izibopho zeSivumelwano eziza nezinzuzo zobulungu be-EU.
Indima efanelekile yombuzo kufanelekile ukucaphuna izwi nezwi:
"Amanyuvesi ase-Italy athola uxhaso olukhulu oluvela ku-EU. I-Italy ithole ingxenye enkulu yeSikhwama Sokubuyisela. Impela, isimilo sokuphindisela sifuna ukuthi i-Italy ithobele umthetho futhi isebenzise isinqumo sakamuva se-CJEU esivuna i-lettori: icala C-119/04. "
Nakuba ivuma imizamo kanye nokwesekwa kweKhomishana, kwaba nokuntula isineke phakathi kukaLettori owayekhona embhikishweni wangoLwesibili mayelana nokuhamba kancane kwezinqubo zokwephulwa kwemithetho. Kwe ukukhishwa kwabezindaba kaSepthemba 2021 imemezela ukuvulwa kwecala, iKhomishini ithe "i-Italy manje inezinyanga ezimbili zokulungisa amaphutha ahlonzwe yiKhomishini." Njengamanje, sekunonyaka owengeziwe ngaphezu kwalowo mnqamulajuqu, unyaka lapho ingekho inqubekelaphambili ebonakalayo, isimo sezindaba esengeza isikhathi sokucwasa esalahlwa okokuqala esinqumweni se-Allué sika-1989.
Uma kubhekwa isixazululo esilula, ukungenzi lutho nokuhlehlisa isikhathi eside kwe-Italy kuhambisana no-Lettori. Njengoba isikhulumi ngemva kwesikhulumi embhikishweni wangoLwesibili sabonisa, okudingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe isinqumo seCase C-119/04 ukuhlonza abahlomulayo kumthetho we-Allué futhi bakhe kabusha imisebenzi yabo ngokubhekiselwa esikalini samaholo abacwaningi besikhashana. noma amapharamitha avumayo anikezwa izinkantolo zendawo zase-Italy. Empeleni, kuyindaba yezibalo ezilula inhlangano ephumelelayo engayifeza kalula emasontweni ambalwa.
U-Kurt Rollin ungummeleli we-Asso.CEL.L we-Lettori ethathe umhlalaphansi. Umsebenzi wakhe wokufundisa kusukela ngo-1982 kuya ku-2017 “eNyuvesi yaseLa Sapienza”, iRoma yahambisana nesikhathi sokukhula okwandayo kokuhlanganiswa ngaphakathi kwe-EU. Nokho, ngokufanayo nozakwabo asebethathe umhlalaphansi, ilungelo lakhe leSivumelwano lokulinganisa ukwelashwa lagodlwa yonke iminyaka yenkonzo yakhe.
Embhikishweni ongaphandle koMnyango Wezemfundo eRome, futhi enanela imizwa yama-MEPs ase-Ireland, uMnu Rollin uthe.: “Ngokwezintshisakalo zokuhambisana namagugu eSivumelwano, ukuthobela umthetho we-EU kufanele kube umbandela ophelele wamazwe angamalungu athola uxhaso lwe-EU. Akulungile ukuthi izwe eliyilungu lingagodla ngaphandle kokujeziswa ilungelo leSivumelwano lokulingana kokwelashwa. Okwamanje, iKhomishana kufanele ngokushesha iqhubekisele phambili izinqubo kuze kufike esigabeni semibono ecatshangwayo”.
Ezinqubeni zokwephulwa komthetho, ukushintshana phakathi kweKhomishini namazwe angamalungu ngokubonakala kwephula izibopho zawo zeSivumelwano kuvikelwa ngemfuneko yenqubo yokugcinwa kuyimfihlo. Ephendula izincwadi zakamuva ezivela ku-Asso.CEL.L kanye noNobhala-Jikelele we-FLC uSig. UFrancesco Sinopoli ecela ukuthi kuqhutshekwe nenqubekela phambili kuze kufike esigabeni semibono ecatshangelwayo, iKhomishana yaphendula ngokukhuluma ngokuthi izothatha isinqumo maduze ngodaba lwaseLettertori.
