Ingxoxo noProf. uDkt. Archil Metreveli, iNhloko ye Isikhungo Senkululeko Yezenkolo saseNyuvesi yaseGeorgia
U-Jan-Leonid Bornstein: Sizwile kuwe ngohlelo olusha lomthetho lwe uHulumeni waseGeorgia mayelana nokuletha uhlaka Lwekhodi Yezokuvikela entsha NgoZibandlela wezi-2022. Uma kwenzeka kwamukelwe inguqulo ethunyelwe yoHlaka, umthetho osebenzayo, okhulula (okuhlehlisa) oNgqongqoshe banoma iyiphi inkolo enkonzweni yezempi eyimpoqo, uzohoxiswa. . Yiziphi izingozi ozibonayo kulesi sinyathelo esisha?
U-Archil Metreveli: Ukunemba kakhudlwana, lokhu akuyona ngisho “ingozi” kodwa “iqiniso elisobala” elizokwakhiwa uma lokhu kuguqulwa komthetho kwamukelwa. Okungukuthi, umthethonqubo oqalisiwe uzovala amathuba okuba oNgqongqoshe bezinkolo ezincane, okusho ukuthi zonke izinkolo ngaphandle kweSonto Lobu-Orthodox LaseGeorgia, bazuze ekukhululweni enkonzweni yezempi eyimpoqo.
U-Jan-Leonid Bornstein: Ungakwazi ukuchaza kabanzi ukuze abafundi bethu baqonde kangcono izinselele?
U-Archil Metreveli: Izimiso ezimbili zomthetho waseGeorgia ezisebenzayo ziqinisekisa ukukhululwa koNgqongqoshe emisebenzini yezempi eyimpoqo. Okokuqala, iSigaba 4 seSivumelwano Somthethosisekelo phakathi kweSifundazwe saseGeorgia kanye neSonto Lobu-Orthodox Lase-Georgia Lomphostoli Autocephalous (ikakhulukazi oNgqongqoshe beSonto Lobu-Orthodox laseGeorgia) futhi okwesibili, Isigaba 30 soMthetho waseGeorgia mayelana Nomsebenzi Wezempi kanye Nenkonzo Yezempi (the Izikhonzi zanoma iyiphi inkolo, kuhlanganise neSonto Lobu-Orthodox laseGeorgia).
Isigaba sama-71 sohlaka oluthunyelwe lweKhodi Yezokuvikela, engenye ye-Article 30 yomthetho ocashunwe ngenhla osebenzayo, olawula ukuhoxiswa kokubuthelwa eButhweni Lezempi, akusafaki lokho okubizwa ngokuthi I-Ministerial Exception. Ngakho-ke, ngokomthetho omusha osalungiswa, akekho uNgqongqoshe wanoma iyiphi inkolo owayekhululwe enkonzweni yezempi ongeke esakwazi ukuba nelungelo Lokuhlukaniswa Nongqongqoshe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iSiphakamiso 4 seSivumelwano Somthethosisekelo SaseGeorgia, esikhulula oNgqongqoshe beSonto Lobu-Orthodox LaseGeorgia kuphela enkonzweni yezempi, sisasebenza.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngokoMthethosisekelo waseGeorgia (I-athikili 4) kanye noMthetho waseGeorgia ngeZenzo Ezijwayelekile (I-athikili 7) Isivumelwano Somthethosisekelo waseGeorgia sithatha indawo yokuqala ngaphezu kweMithetho yaseGeorgia futhi, uma kwenzeka kutholwa, naphezu kwezokuVikela. Ikhodi. Ngakho-ke, I-Ministerial Exception (ezohoxiswa koNgqongqoshe bazo zonke izinkolo) ngeke yona ngokwayo ilichithe leli lungelo kuNgqongqoshe beSonto Lobu-Orthodox laseGeorgia njengoba lisazonikezwa isenzo esimisiwe esiphakeme ngokwezigaba - iSivumelwano Somthethosisekelo. yaseGeorgia.
JLB: Ngiyaqonda. Ucabanga ukuthi kungani lo mthetho uhlongozwayo? Kuthethelelwa kanjani?
A.M: Inothi Lencazelo lohlaka oluthunyelwe lithi lokhu kuguqulwa kuhloswe ukuqeda igebe lomthetho elivumela izinhlangano zenkolo “ezingathembekile” kanye “namanga” ukuthi zisize abantu ngabanye bagweme inkonzo yezempi eyimpoqo. Injongo eshiwo ihambisana nomkhuba owenziwa i-Church of Biblical Freedom - inhlangano yezenkolo eyasungulwa iqembu lezombusazwe i-Girchi. I-Church of Biblical Freedom, njengethuluzi lombhikisho wezombusazwe wase-Girchi ngokumelene nenkonzo yezempi eyimpoqo, inikeza isikhundla "soNgqongqoshe" kulezo zakhamuzi ezingafuni ukwenza umsebenzi wezempi. Umkhuba weBandla Lenkululeko YeBhayibheli uncike ngokunembile emthethweni Womsebenzi Wezempi Nenkonzo Yezempi osebenzayo.
JLB: Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi kuzoba neminye imithelela kumthetho waseGeorgia noma ukwenza umthetho?
A.M: Yebo, futhi sekuvele kunjalo. Izichibiyelo ziphinde zathunyelwa eMthethweni wase-Georgia mayelana Nomsebenzi Ongewona Owezempi, Enye Yemisebenzi Ehlukile. Ikakhulukazi, ngokohlaka lokuchitshiyelwa kwesisekelo sokukhulula isakhamuzi enkonzweni yezempi eyimpoqo nasekwenzeni umsebenzi ongewona wezempi, umsebenzi ohlukile, kanye nokwenqaba ngenxa kanembeza, kuyoba nesimo “sikaNgqongqoshe”. Ngokweziphathimandla zaseGeorgia, leli “lungelo” elisha lizothatha indawo ye- Ministerial Exception ehoxisiwe, njengoba lesi simiso esisha esingokomthetho sizosebenza ngokufanayo kubaFundisi bazo zonke izinkolo, kuhlanganise neSonto Lobu-Orthodox laseGeorgia. Nokho, le ncazelo ayithembekile, njengoba iSivumelwano Somthetho-sisekelo SaseGeorgia sivimbela uMbuso ekubutheleni oNgqongqoshe Bama-Orthodox enkonzweni yezempi eyimpoqo, ngakho-ke, ngeke kudingeke ukuba banwebe “ilungelo” lenkonzo engezona ezombutho wezempi, ehlukile kubo. Ngenxa yalokho, uma lolu hlaka oluthunyelwe lwamukelwa, oNgqongqoshe Bama-Orthodox bayokhululwa ngaphandle kwemibandela enkonzweni yezempi eyimpoqo, kuyilapho oNgqongqoshe bazo zonke ezinye izinkolo beyobhekana nomsebenzi ongewona owezempi.
JLB: Kodwa ingabe lelo lungelo, okusho ukukhululwa ngokugcwele enkonzweni yezempi eyimpoqo, liyilungelo eliyisisekelo?
A.M: Ukukhathazeka kwethu kuhlobene neLungelo eliyisisekelo Lokulingana kanye Nokungabandlululi okusekelwe enkolweni. Ngokusobala, ukukhululwa kukaNgqongqoshe enkonzweni yezempi (ngokuphambene nokukhululwa okusekelwe ekwenqabeni ngenxa kanembeza) akulona ilungelo elivikelwe Inkululeko Yenkolo Noma Inkolelo. Leli lungelo linikezwe bona ngokucabangela ukubaluleka komphakathi kwesimo sabo kanye nentando yezombangazwe yoMbuso.
Noma kunjalo, Ilungelo eliyisisekelo Lokulingana Nokungabandlululi elisekelwe enkolweni lisikisela ukuthi, lapho singekho isizathu esiqondile sokuphathwa okuhlukile, amalungelo anikezwa uMbuso kufanele adluliselwe ngokulinganayo kunoma yiliphi iqembu noma umuntu kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungobani ngokwenkolo noma inkambiso. Umthethonqubo othunyelwe usobala futhi ukucwasa okungaqondile okusekelwe enkolweni, njengoba ungafaki noma iyiphi injongo nezizathu ezizwakalayo zokwelashwa okuhlukile okusunguliwe.
JLB: Ngokubona kwakho kungaba iyiphi indlela efanele yombuso mayelana nalolu daba?
AM: Ukuthola izimpendulo zemibuzo enjalo akunzima. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwanamuhla kweNkululeko Yenkolo Nentando Yeningi kunquma ngokucacile ukuthi uMbuso akufanele ukhulule umthwalo wawo ngokulahlekelwa Amalungelo Ayisisekelo Nenkululeko yabantu noma amaqembu. Ngakho, uma iNkantolo ingathola ukuthi iSonto Lenkululeko YeBhayibheli empeleni laliyisebenzisa kabi Inkululeko Yenkolo noma Yezinkolelo, uMbuso kufanele uqede ngokuphelele umkhuba wokubhubhisa hhayi Ilungelo Lokulingana Nokungacwasi okusekelwe enkolweni nasezinkolelweni, ngokuphelele.
JLB: Ngiyabonga
