Umshini owodwa nje ungavala isikhala sabasebenzi abayi-100
Abacosheli betiye baseKenya bacekela phansi imishini elethwa ukuze ithathelwe indawo yabo emibhikishweni enodlame egqamisa inselelo ebhekene nabasebenzi njengoba izinkampani eziningi zebhizinisi lezolimo zithembele emshinini ozenzakalelayo ukuze zehlise izindleko, kubika i-Semafor Africa.
Ngokwemibiko yabezindaba yendawo, okungenani ingu-10 imishini yokukha itiye eshisiwe ngesikhathi kunemibhikisho onyakeni odlule. Emibhikishweni yakamuva, kushone umbhikishi oyedwa kwalimala abantu abambalwa, okuhlanganisa namaphoyisa angu-23 nabasebenzi basemapulazini. I-Kenya Tea Growers Association (KTGA) ilinganisele inani lemishini ecekeleke phansi ku-$1.2 million ngemuva kokuthi imishini eyisishiyagalolunye ye-Ekaterra, umkhiqizi wohlobo lwetiye elithengiswa kakhulu i-Lipton, cekeleke phansi ngoMeyi.
NgoMashi, ithimba likahulumeni wasekhaya lancoma ukuthi izinkampani zetiye e-Kericho, idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke elisingatha amasimu etiye amaningi ezweni, zamukele isilinganiso esisha esingu-60:40 phakathi kokukha itiye ngomshini nokukha ngezandla. Leli thimba lifuna futhi kuphasiswe umthetho ozovimbela ukungeniswa kwemishini yokukha itiye. U-Nicholas Kirui, oyilungu lethimba kanye nowayeyi-CEO ye-KTGA, utshela i-Semafor Africa ukuthi e-Kericho County kuphela, imisebenzi engu-30,000 ilahleke ngenxa yemishini kule minyaka eyishumi edlule.
"Sibambe izingxoxo zomphakathi kuzo zonke izifunda kanye nawo wonke amaqembu ahlukene, futhi umbono omkhulu esiwuzwile ukuthi imishini kufanele ihambe," kusho uKirui.
Ngo-2021, iKenya yathumela ngaphandle kwetiye lenani eliyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.2, okulenza laba umthengisi wesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni, ilandela iChina neSri Lanka. Izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezihlanganisa iBrowns Investments, uGeorge Williamson kanye ne-Ekaterra - eyathengiswa yi-Unilever enkampanini ezimele yezabelo ngo-Julayi 2022 - tshala itiye endaweni engaba ngu-200,000 wamahektha e-Kericho futhi zonke sezisebenzise ukuvuna ngemishini.
Eminye imishini kubikwa ukuthi ikwazi ukuvala isikhala sabasebenzi abayikhulu. Umqondisi wezindaba zezinkampani e-Ekaterra eKenya, uSammy Kirui, uthi ukusebenzisa imishini “kubalulekile” ekusebenzeni kwenkampani kanye nokuncintisana komhlaba wonke kwetiye laseKenya. Njengoba ithimba likahulumeni selitholile, umshini unganciphisa izindleko zokukha itiye zibe ngamasenti amathathu ngekhilogremu uma kuqhathaniswa namasenti angu-100 ngekhilogremu yokukha izandla.
Ngokwengxenye abahlaziyi bathi izinga lokuntuleka kwemisebenzi eKenya - eliphakeme kunawo wonke eMpumalanga Afrika - libangelwa ukuzenzakalelayo kwezimboni ezihlanganisa amabhange kanye nomshwalense. Ngekota yokugcina ka-2022, cishe u-13.9% wabantu baseKenya abaneminyaka yobudala yokusebenza (ngaphezulu kwe-16) bebengasebenzi noma bengasebenzi isikhathi eside.
I-Automation izoqhubeka nokuthuthuka ngesivinini esikhulu hhayi emaphandleni aseKenya kuphela, kodwa nakweminye imikhakha yamazwe ase-Afrika - ikakhulukazi ngokusabalala kobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Ukuthukuthela ezindaweni okukha itiye kungase kube uphawu lokuqala lokungezwani kwesikhathi esizayo uma ohulumeni nezinkampani bengazitholi izindlela zokusiza abasebenzi.
Iningi labacosheli betiye basebancane, abaningi ngabesifazane, futhi bavame ukuntula amathuba namakhono okuthuthukisa ngaphandle komkhakha wetiye. Ukuqeqesha kabusha abasebenzi basemapulazini, kanye nokudala amathuba emisebenzi amaningi kanye nokuhlukanisa umnotho wemiphakathi elima itiye, kuzoba ukhiye ekulweni nodlame kanye nentukuthelo ekhulayo.
"Ungqongqoshe wami uzibophezele ekuvuleni imakethe yezemisebenzi ukuze kwandiswe amathuba omsebenzi kubantu baseKenya," kusho uNobhala weKhabhinethi yezabaSebenzi uFlorence Bore ohambweni oluya eKericho, ezinsukwini ngemuva kwegagasi lemibhikisho yakamuva ngoMeyi. Wengeze ngokuthi kunemizamo eyenziwayo ukuxazulula ukungaboni ngaso linye phakathi kwezakhamizi zendawo nezinkampani zetiye.
Umkhakha ozimele nawo ungabamba iqhaza ekuqeqesheni kabusha abasebenzi. U-Kirui wabelane ngokuthi i-Ekaterra izimisele ukusebenzisana nemiphakathi yasendaweni kumaphrojekthi ahlanganisa izikhungo zemfundo nokuqeqeshwa kwezobuchwepheshe.
Imishini yenza umqondo webhizinisi kubalimi betiye futhi mancane amathuba okuba bayeke imishini yokukha itiye eyehlisa izindleko zabo. Kodwa lesi simo kungenzeka siqhubeke nokulimaza imiphakathi yasemakhaya, lapho abasebenzi basemapulazini bewumgogodla womsebenzi wezomnotho. Abasebenzi nabahlali bazoqhubeka nokumelana nalezi zinguquko njengoba bengenayo enye indlela yokuqashwa.
Umthengisi omkhulu wetiye emhlabeni yiShayina. Esihlokweni esithi makusetshenziswe imishini yokukha itiye eShayina, eyanyatheliswa ngoMashi, uWu Luofa we-Institute of Agricultural Engineering e-Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences uphawula ukuthi ukukha itiye okwenziwa ngesandla kumelela ngaphezu kwengxenye yezindleko zokukhiqiza itiye.
"Ukuthuthukiswa nokukhuthazwa kwemishini yokukha itiye kunenzuzo ukukhulisa umkhiqizo wabasebenzi, ukunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi, ukukhulisa ukuncintisana kwemakethe yemikhiqizo yetiye kanye nokukhuthaza intuthuko esimeme yemboni yetiye," esho.
NgokukaTabitha Njuguna, umqondisi ophethe we-African Commodity Exchange AFEX eKenya, ukwethulwa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemishini kuwukhiye wokuvula ikhono lezolimo e-Afrika ngakho kufanele kwamukelwe naphezu kokungeneliseki kwabanye abasebenzi.
“Sithola ukuthi ukuphazamiseka okungaba khona okubangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemishini kungase kubonakale kusongela, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi bonke ababambiqhaza (izinhlangano zezolimo, abalimi, abacubungula) abathintekayo bakubone njengento engenakugwemeka etshela iSemafor Africa.
NgoFebhuwari, idokhumentari ye-BBC yaveza ukuhlukunyezwa nokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi okwandile emapulazini etiye e-Kericho, abesifazane abangu-70 behlukunyezwa abaphathi babo emasimini aphethwe yizinkampani zaseBrithani i-Unilever noJames Finlay.
