Ngomhla ziyisi-7 kuZibandlela, iphephandaba lase-Argentina “I-NACION” esihloko sithi isihloko esimayelana neBuenos Aires Yoga School (BAYS) esolwa ngezenzo zobugebengu “Icala selibuyele kuqanda futhi abamangalelwa sebezophuma phambili.” Lesi kube isiphetho sika-Gabriel di Nicola, umbhali walesi sihloko, ngemva kokuba inkantolo yokudlulisa amacala imemezele ubuze bokuphakanyiswa kwecala.
Lesi sinqumo sithathwe iChamber II yeNkantolo Yokudlulisa Amacala eNkantolo Yezobugebengu Nezokuhlunyeleliswa Kwezimilo yaseBuenos Aires, eyakhiwa amajaji uMartin Irurzun, Roberto Boico no-Eduardo Farah.
Ecaleni leBAYS, abantu abayishumi nesikhombisa bashushiswe ngamacala okuhlangana ngokungemthetho, ukushushumbiswa kwabantu ngokuxhashazwa ngokocansi kanye nokushushumbisa imali. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, amakhulu emithombo yezindaba e-Argentina nakwamanye amazwe ayethule iqembu le-yoga eliholwa uJuan Percowicz, 85, “njengehlelo elisabekayo.”
NgoSepthemba odlule, kulandela isicelo esenziwe umshushisi wombuso uCarlos Stornelli kanye nozakwabo baseHhovisi Lomshushisi Jikelele Wokushushumbiswa Nokuxhashazwa Kwabantu (PROTEX), u-Alejandra Mangano, ijaji likahulumeni u-Ariel Lijo walivala uphenyo lwaleli cala waliletha. ukuqulwa kwecala nabamangalelwa abangu-17, okuhlanganisa noJuan Percowicz, umholi wesikole se-yoga oneminyaka engu-85 ubudala, ohlonzwe abashushisi njengenhloko yenhlangano esolwa ngobugebengu.
Abesifazane abayi-9 bamemezele izisulu zokushushumbiswa kwabantu ukuze baxhashazwe ngokocansi ngaphandle kwentando yabo
Abesifazane abayisishiyagalolunye abebehambele amakilasi eBuenos Aires Yoga School (BAYS), abasolwa ngokushushumbisa abantu ngokudayisa ngomzimba, bamenyezelwe bayizisulu ze-BAYS ngabashushisi ababili be-PROTEX naphezu kokuphika kwabo kaningi ukuthi bake badayisa ngomzimba.
Kuze kube ngu-2012, ukuxhashazwa ngokocansi kwakujeziselwa uMthetho 26.364 kodwa ngomhlaka-19 Disemba 2012, lo mthetho uchitshiyelwe ngendlela yokuthi uvule umnyango wokuchazwa nokusetshenziswa okuyimpikiswano. Manje sekukhonjwa ngokuthi Umthetho onguNombolo 26.842 Wokuvinjelwa Nokujeziswa Kokushushumbiswa Kwabantu kanye Nokusiza Izisulu.
Mayelana nezici ezithile zokusetshenziswa kwalo mthetho, i-HRWF icele ukucaciselwa okuthile kuNks Marisa Tarantino, Umsizi Womshushisi Wehhovisi Likazwelonke Lokushushiswa Kobugebengu Nokulungiswa Kwezimilo engu-Nr 34 kanye nalowo owayengumshushisi wezomthetho weHhovisi Lommeli Jikelele. Uphinde abe uchwepheshe wezoBulungiswa bokuPhathwa (Universidad de Buenos Aires/Buenos Aires University) futhi uneziqu zeMasters kuMthetho Wobugebengu (Universidad de Palermo/ Palermo University).
Nawa amanye amazwi akhe angokomthetho:
Okokuqala, anginikezi umbono wami ngamacala athile lapho ngingalazi ifayela kodwa ngingakunikeza izincazelo ezithile zobuchwepheshe. Okungaqondwa ngokuthi “ubufebe” kuyindaba yokuchazwa, kodwa ngokuvamile kuqondwa njengokushintshisana ngobulili ngemali noma ezinye izinzuzo zenani lezomnotho.
Lo mthetho uguqule i-Penal Code ezihlokweni ezehlukene ezihlinzeka ngezigaba zobugebengu eziningana zamacala okushushumbiswa kwabantu kanye nokuxhashazwa kwabantu (Art. 125 bis, 126, 127, 140).
Ngokwalo mthetho, lapho ukudayisa ngomzimba kwabanye noma olunye uhlobo lokunikeza izinkonzo zocansi zabanye kukhuthazwa, kwenziwa lula noma kudayiswa, kuyisenzo sobugebengu.
Ezichibiyelweni zezincazelo zobugebengu eziphathelene nokuxhashazwa ngokocansi, kukhona ukusho okukhulu ngokuntuleka kokuhambisana nomthetho kwemvume yesihloko sokwenziwa. Ngaso leso sikhathi, uguquko lwaphinde lwadlulisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi “izindlela zekhomishini” okwathi emthethweni wangaphambili kwafakwa ezincazelweni eziyisisekelo futhi manje sekuyingxenye yobugebengu obubi.
Zombili izinqumo ziholela ekushintsheni okukhulu ekuphathweni kobufebe emkhakheni wobugebengu.
Isihluthulelo sezinguquko ukuthi “izindlela zokwenziwa komsebenzi,” ebezichaza izici zobugebengu phambilini njengoba zazihlinzekwe encazelweni eyisisekelo, azisekho. Noma yikuphi ukuphoqelela, ubudlova obungokomzimba noma ngisho nokuhlukunyezwa kwesimo sokuba sengozini kubanjwa amacala obugebengu ashubile. Ngakho-ke, incazelo eyisisekelo ihlinzeka ngokuhwebelana okuzimele ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokusebenzisa udlame noma ukuphoqelela.
Ngamafuphi, uma esimweni esithile i-ejensi yezokushushiswa ithola umsebenzi eziwubeka njenge uhlobo ‘lokuthengisa ngomzimba’, noma ngabe lwenziwa abantu abadala kanye nabantu abazimele, laba bazothathwa njengezisulu nalabo abenza umsebenzi ube nokwenzeka noma bazuze kuwo nganoma iyiphi indlela, ngisho noma kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, bayothweswa icala.”
Embikweni wabo lapho bephinde bacela khona ukuthi kuboshwe uPercowicz, umsunguli nomholi weBAYS, kanye nabanye abasolwa, abashushisi uStornelli, uMangano noMarcelo Colombo, laba ophinde abe yilungu le-PROTEX, baveze ukuthi iBAYS iqoqa u-500,000 wamadola ngenyanga futhi. ukuthi iningi lemali engenayo lalivela ekuxhashazweni ngokobulili 'kwabafundi.'
Ngemva kokuba abameli babanye babamangalelwa, uClaudio Caffarello noFernando Sicilia, bebikelwe ngesinqumo senkantolo, bamemezela ku-LA NACION:
“Lesi yisinqumo esinesibindi. Kwafakazelwa, ngombiko wochwepheshe we-Forensic Medical Corps yeNkantolo Ephakeme Yezobulungiswa, ukuthi abantu abahlonzwe njengezisulu abazange badlule ezimeni zokuba sengozini, ukuthi abazange banqotshwe nokuthi babehlale besebenza ngokuzithiba okukhululekile. ngokuziphatha kwabo. Besilokhu sikholelwa ukuthi abukho ubugebengu kuleli cala.”
Ummeli u-Alfredo Olivan, kanye nozakwabo uMartín Calvet Salas omele abasolwa abayisishiyagalombili, ubheka ukuthi amakhasimende abo kufanele kuthiwe awanacala lokuhlangana ngokungemthetho, ukushushumbiswa kwabantu ngokuxhashazwa ngokocansi kanye nokushushumbisa imali. Futhi umemezele ukuthi uzokwethula isicelo sokuthi wonke amakhasimende akhe akhululwe.
Mayelana nokuba sengozini kwabangebona izisulu abawela ezandleni ze-PROTEX
Umbuzo owabuzwa yi-HRWF kuNks Marisa Tarantino wawuthi: “Yiziphi izisombululo ezingokomthetho zasekhaya zokuthi lowo osolwa ngokuba isisulu sokudayisa ngomzimba ANGAMBONAKALI njengesisulu futhi ABANGAbandakanywa ecaleni lobugebengu elibhekiswe komunye umuntu?”
Impendulo ivela ku- Tarantino:
Umthetho wamanje wenqubo uvuma ngokusobala ilungelo labahlukunyezwayo lokulalelwa kanye nokuba nombono wabo ucatshangelwe. Kufanele baziswe ngenqubekelaphambili yokuqulwa kwamacala futhi babe nelungelo lokucela ukubuyekezwa kwalezo zinqumo eziqeda inqubo.
Banelungelo futhi lokuba ngabamangali ukuze bavulele amacala labo abasolwa. Nokho, abahlukunyezwayo abanalo ilungelo lokunquma isenzo sobugebengu somphakathi. Amacala okuxhashazwa ngokocansi angamacala esenzo somphakathi. Ngakho-ke, isinqumo somuntu ohlukunyeziwe sokungaqhubeki nenqubo yobugebengu, nakuba engakwazi futhi kufanele alalelwe, asanele ukuvala icala. Umthetho ubheka ukuthi ezenzweni zobugebengu ezithinta umphakathi kunentshisekelo yombuso esengozini futhi ukushushiswa kufanele kuqhubeke noma ngabe isisulu singavumi. Ngakho-ke, abashushisi banesibopho sokwenza kanjalo ngaphandle uma bekhipha ubukhona bobugebengu ngenxa yokuntuleka kobufakazi noma ukuntuleka kokwanela kwecala ezidingweni zomthetho zohlobo lobugebengu.
Iziphetho ezimbi
Ngesikhathi sonke sokusebenza ngokumelene nesikole se-yoga, izindlela ezisetshenziswa yi-PROTEX zaziphikisana kakhulu.
I-PROTEX yakha icala lobugebengu ngesisekelo sophenyo lwamalungiselelo oluyindida kanye nobufakazi obungathembeki bomuntu oyedwa, okuholele ekwakhekeni komphakathi kwabesifazane abadala babe izisulu zokuxhashazwa ngokocansi, naphezu kokuphika kwabo okuqinile nokuphindaphindiwe.
I-PROTEX yenza umkhankaso wamaphoyisa omangalisayo kanye nombukiso omkhulu wamandla lapho abezindaba baziswa ngakho ngenjongo esobala yokuzuza ekusakazweni okukhulu kuyilapho kwakungahlelwa futhi kufanele ukuba kuhlelwe ngobuhlakani futhi kwamenyezelwa kamuva ngokukhululwa kwabezindaba ngokwemibandela elinganiselwe noma isithangami sabezindaba.
I-PROTEX ikhethe ukusebenzisa udlame ngesikhathi iseshwa efulethini, iphihliza izicabha zangaphambili ngesikhathi izakhamuzi zithi zizoyivula ngokhiye bazo.
I-PROTEX yenza umbukiso obonakalayo wokutholwa kwemali okusolakala ukuthi yayiyimali yokushushumbiswa kwabantu ngenhloso yokudayisa ngomzimba.
I-PROTEX iqophe ukubhidliza, kodwa hhayi ngendlela engathathi hlangothi, ukuze ibonise izinsolo zayo zobungcweti nokusebenza kahle kwayo, futhi yenza amavidiyo abe sesidlangalaleni.
Kusukela ekuqaleni, azikho izisulu ecaleni le-BAYS, njengoba nje abesifazane abayisishiyagalolunye bebelokhu besho njalo futhi manje umbiko wochwepheshe we-Forensic Medical Corps yeNkantolo Ephakeme Yezobulungiswa uyaqinisekisa.
Njengomphumela wesenzo sika-PROTEX
- Abantu abangu-19, okuhlanganisa nomsunguli we-BAYS oneminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-85 ubudala, baboshelwe izinsolo zobugebengu futhi bachitha izinsuku eziphakathi kuka-18 no-84 ejele.
- amagama abesifazane abambalwa abachazwa njengabathengisa ngomzimba, naphezu kokuphika kwabo, adalulwe ngokungalungile emphakathini
- izisulu eziningana zalo msebenzi wamaphoyisa zilahlekelwe abayeni noma abalingani bazo, imisebenzi noma amakhasimende abo emisebenzini yabo yezomnotho.
Omunye umonakalo awulungiseki. “Ihlelo elisabekayo,” njengoba i-BAYS liye lachazwa ngayo emakhulwini ezihloko zezindaba nezinhlelo zethelevishini, alikaze libe khona. Izindaba ezingamanga kodwa umonakalo wangempela.
