Ngu-prof. AP Lopukhin
Isahluko 16. 1 – 13. Umfanekiso Womphathi Ongalungile. 14 – 31. Umfanekiso weSicebi noLazaru ompofu.
Luka 16:1 . Wayesethi kubafundi bakhe: “Umuntu othile wayecebile, enomphathi, okwalethwa kuye ukuthi uchithe impahla yakhe;
Umfanekiso womphathi ongalungile utholakala kumvangeli uLuka kuphela. Kwashiwo, ngokungangabazeki, ngalolo suku iNkosi yakhuluma ngalo imifanekiso emithathu yangaphambili, kodwa lomfanekiso awuhlangene nayo, njengoba yashiwo uKristu ebhekisela kubaFarisi, kuyilapho lona ubhekisela “kubafundi. ” kaKristu, okungukuthi abaningi babalandeli Bakhe asebeqalile ukumkhonza, beshiya inkonzo yezwe - iningi labo ababengabathelisi nezoni (Prot. Timothy Butkevich, "Incazelo Yomfanekiso Womphathi Ongalungile". Church Bulletins, 1911; ikhasi 275).
"umuntu oyedwa". Lona ngokusobala umnikazi womhlaba ocebile owayehlala edolobheni, elikude kakhulu nefa lakhe, ngakho-ke wayengenakulivakashela yedwa (okufanele simqonde lapha ngokomfanekiso - lokhu kucaca ngokushesha ngemva kokuchazwa kwencazelo engokoqobo yomfanekiso ).
"ikonom" (οἰκονόμον) - lit. umphathizitsha, umphathi wendlu, owayephathiswe bonke ukuphatha impahla. Lona wayengesona isigqila (kanye namaJuda, abaphathi babevame ukukhethwa phakathi kwezigqila), kodwa engumuntu okhululekile, njengoba kubonakala eqinisweni lokuthi, ngemva kokukhululwa emsebenzini womphathi, wayehlose ukungahlali nendodana yakhe. inkosi, kodwa nabanye abantu (amavesi 3-4).
“walethwa kuye”. Igama lesiGreki elithi διεβλήθη (elivela ku-διαβάλλω) limi lapha, nakuba lingasho ukuthi okwalethwa kwakuwukunyundela nje, njengoba inguqulo yethu yesiSlavonic isikisela isibonelo, nokho ikwenza kucace ukuthi kwenziwa abantu ababenobutha kumphathi wendlu. /umlindi.
"iyahlakazeka". ( ὡς διασκορπίζων – cf. Luka 15:13; Math. 12:30 ), okungukuthi uchitha ukuphila okusaphazayo nesono, usaphaza impahla yenkosi.
Luka 16:2 . esembizile, wathi kuye: Kuyini lokhu engikuzwa ngawe? Zilandise ngokuziphatha kwakho, ngoba ngeke usakwazi ukuba yisithunzi.
"yini lena engiyizwayo". Umnikazi wendawo, ebiza umphathi wendlu, wathi kuye ngokucasuka: “Wenzani lapho? Ngizwa amahlebezi amabi ngawe. Angisafuni ukuthi ube ngumphathi wami futhi impahla yami ngizoyinika omunye umuntu. Kufanele unginikeze i-akhawunti yendawo” (okungukuthi noma yikuphi ukuqashisa, imibhalo yezikweletu, njll.). Lena incazelo yesikhalazo somnikazi wendawo kumphathi. Lena yiyo kanye indlela lona wakamuva owaqonda ngayo inkosi yakhe.
Luka 16:3 . Wasesithi umphathi phakathi kwakhe: Ngizakwenzani? Inkosi yami ingiphuca isithunzi; ukumba, angikwazi; ukucela, nginamahloni;
Waqala ukucabanga ukuthi angaphila kanjani manje, ngoba waqaphela ukuthi wayenecala ngempela phambi kwenkosi yakhe futhi wayengenathemba lokuthethelelwa, futhi wayengazange alondoloze noma iyiphi indlela yokuziphilisa, futhi wayengakwazi noma wayengeke asebenze ensimini yezithelo nemifino. izingadi. amandla akhe. Wayesengaphila ngokuphiwa izipho, kodwa kuye, owayejwayele ukuphila ukuphila okuwubukhazikhazi nokuwubukhazikhazi, lokhu kwakubonakala kuyihlazo kakhulu.
Luka 16:4 . Ngacabanga ukuthi yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze bangemuke ezindlini zabo uma ngisuswa ekuhlonipheni.
Ekugcineni umsizi wacabanga ukuthi yini angayenza ukuze amsize. Wathola indlela yokuvula iminyango yezindlu kuye ngemva kokuba engasenandawo (wayesho “imizi” yabakweleta inkosi yakhe). Wabiza ababekweleta, kwaba yilowo nalowo yedwa, waqala ukuxoxisana nabo. Ukuthi laba ababekweleta babengabaqashi noma abathengisi abathatha imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene endaweni ukuze idayiswe kunzima ukusho, kodwa lokho akubalulekile.
Luka 16:5 . Wabiza abanamacala enkosini yakhe, kwaba yilowo nalowo yedwa, wathi kowokuqala: 'Unecala elingakanani enkosini yami?
Luka 16:6 . Wathi: Izilinganiso eziyikhulu zamafutha. Wathi kuye: "Thatha irisidi, uhlale phansi, usheshe ulobe: amashumi ayisihlanu."
“izilinganiso eziyikhulu”. Umsizi wesikhonzi senkantolo wabuza abakweletayo omunye emva komunye: Bakweleta malini enkosini yakhe? Eyokuqala yaphendula: “izilinganiso eziyikhulu” noma ngaphezulu “amabhati” (ilulwane – βάτος, isiHebheru בַּת bat̠, iyunithi yokulinganisa uketshezi - amabhakede angaphezu kwama-4) “amafutha”, kubhekiselwa kumafutha omnqumo, ayebiza kakhulu isikhathi , ngakho-ke amabhakede angu-419 kawoyela abiza ngaleso sikhathi ngemali yethu ama-ruble angu-15,922, ahambisana ne-approx. 18.5 kg. igolide (Prot. Butkevich, p. 283 19).
"Ngokushesha". Umphathi wezitsha wamtshela ukuthi abhale ngokushesha irisidi entsha lapho isikweletu somkweleta sizoncishiswa ngohhafu - futhi lapha siyabona ukuthi wonke umuntu ushesha kangakanani ukwenza okubi.
Luka 16:7 . Wasesithi komunye: Wena ukweleta malini? Waphendula wathi: Iminduze eyikhulu kakolweni. Wathi kuye: "Thatha irisidi lakho, ulobe: amashumi ayisishiyagalombili."
“iminduze eyikhulu”. Omunye owayekweleta wayekweleta “iminduze eyikhulu” kakolweni, nayo eyayibaluleke kakhulu (umnduze - κόρος - isilinganiso semizimba emikhulu, ngokuvamile yokusanhlamvu). I-krina eyikhulu yezindleko zikakolweni ngaleso sikhathi ngemali yethu mayelana nama-ruble angu-20,000 (ibid., p. 324), okulingana ne-approx. 23 kg. igolide. Umbusi wenza kanye naye njengakuqala.
Ngale ndlela wenza inkonzo enkulu kulaba ababekweleta ababili, futhi kamuva cishe kwabanye, futhi bona, bona, bazizwa benesikweletu kuze kube phakade kumsizi wesikhonzi senkantolo, ngenxa yesamba esikhulu sokuxolelwa. Emizini yabo wayeyohlale etholelwa indawo yokuhlala nokudla.
Luka 16:8 . Inkosi yasincoma umlandeli ongathembekile ngokuthi wenze ngobuhlakani; ngokuba abantwana balesi sikhathi baqonda kakhulu ngezinhlobo zabo kunabantwana bokukhanya.
“ohlakaniphile”. Inkosi yomuzi, izwa ngalesi senzo somlindi, yamdumisa, ithola ukuthi wenze ngobuhlakani, noma, ihunyushwe kangcono, ngokuhlakanipha, ngokucabangela, nangokushesha (φρονίμως). Ingabe lokhu kudumisa akubonakali kuyinqaba?
“dumisani”. Inkosi ilinyaziwe, futhi kuningi, nokho idumisa umbusi ongathembekile, imangala ngokuhlakanipha kwayo. Kungani kufanele amdumise? Lo mlisa kubukeka kufanele amfake enkantolo, hhayi ukumncoma. Ngakho-ke, abahumushi abaningi bayaphikelela ngokuthi inkosi imangala kuphela ubuhlakani bomninikhaya, ngaphandle kokuvumelana nakancane uhlobo lwazo kanye izindlela umninikhaya azitholile ukuze asindiswe. Kodwa isixazululo esinjalo sombuzo asigculisi, ngoba sithatha ngokuthi uKristu uqhubeka efundisa abalandeli Bakhe futhi ubuhlakani kuphela noma ikhono lokuthola indlela yokuphuma ezimweni ezinzima ngokulingisa abantu abangafaneleki (abangalungile).
Yingakho incazelo enikezwe uProt. UTimotei Butkevich wale "ndumiso" kanye nokuziphatha komphathi wendlu, kubonakala kunokwethenjelwa, nakuba singenakuvumelana naye ngokugcwele. Ngokwencazelo yakhe, umninikhaya wayethatha e-akhawuntini yabakweleta kuphela lokho okwakumfanele yena, njengoba ngaphambili wayebhale emalini akhe kokubili inani lemali ayeyinike abaqashile indawo ngokuvumelana nenkosi yakhe, kanye lokho ayehlose ukuzitholela kona mathupha. Njengoba manje wayengasenalo ithuba lokuzitholela inani okuvunyelwene ngalo - wayeshiya inkonzo - washintsha amarisidi ngaphandle kokulimaza inkosi yakhe, ngoba kwakusadingeka athole eyakhe (Butkevich, p. 327).
Kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuvumelana noProt. T. Butkevich, ukuthi manje umphathi wendlu “wabonakala ethembekile futhi ehloniphekile” nokuthi inkosi yamncoma ngokunembile ngokwenqaba ithuba lokuthola iholo lakhe.
Ngakho-ke, ngempela, inkosi, njengendoda ehloniphekile, ayizange iphoqeleke ukuba igcizelele ukuthi abakweletayo bamkhokhele konke okwakufunwa umbusi kubo: wayebheka ukuthi banesikweletu esincane kakhulu. Umphathi akazange amlimaze ngokwenza - kungani inkosi ingamncomi? Yilokho kanye ukugunyazwa kokufaneleka kokuziphatha komphathi okukhulunywa ngakho lapha.
“Abantwana balesi sikhathi baqonda kakhulu kunabantwana bokukhanya.” Ukuhumusha okujwayelekile kwalomusho ukuthi abantu bezwe bazi ukuthi bangazihlela kanjani izindaba zabo kangcono kunamaKristu futhi bafinyelele imigomo ephakeme abazibekele yona. Nokho, kunzima ukuvumelana nalokhu kuhumusha, okokuqala, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi igama elithi “amadodana okukhanya” alisho neze amaKristu: kuJohane uMvangeli, okubhekiselwa kuye uMbhishobhi uMikayeli futhi ojoyina abanye abahumushi kule ndawo, nakuba lenkulumo isetshenziswe kanye, ayisho “amaKrestu” (cf. Johane 12:36).
Okwesibili, abantu bezwe, abanamathele emhlabeni, bahlakaniphe kangakanani kunabantu abazinikele kuKristu? Ingabe laba bamuva abazange babonise ukuhlakanipha kwabo ngokushiya konke futhi balandele uKristu? Kungakho kulesi simo samanje siphinde sithambekele ekwamukeleni umbono kaProt. T. Butkevich, okusho ukuthi “abantwana balesi sikhathi” bangabathelisi, abathi, ngokusho kwabaFarisi, baphila ebumnyameni obungokomoya, bematasatasa ngezinto ezincane kuphela zasemhlabeni (ukuqoqa izintela), futhi “amadodana okukhanya” angabo. AbaFarisi abazibheka njengabakhanyisiwe ( cf Roma 2:19 ) futhi uKristu ababiza ngokuthi “amadodana okukhanya”, okuxakayo, ngokwendlela abazibona ngayo.
“ngohlobo lwayo”. Inkulumo eyanezelwa uKristu: “ngohlobo lwakhe siqu” nayo iyahambisana nale ncazelo. Ngala mazwi ubonisa ukuthi akasho “amadodana okukhanya” ngendlela efanele yegama, kodwa “amadodana okukhanya” ngendlela ekhethekile, ngohlobo lwawo siqu.
Ngakho, incazelo yale nkulumo kungaba: ngoba abathelisi banengqondo kakhulu kunabaFarisi (prot. T. Butkevich, p. 329).
Kodwa kule ncazelo—futhi lokhu akufanele sikufice—ukuhlobana kwamagama okugcina evesi okukhulunywa ngalo namazwi inkosi atusa ngayo umqaphi ongathembekile akukacaci.
Kusafanele kuvunywe ukuthi umcabango wengxenye yesibili yevesi lesi-8 awubhekiseli kuyo yonke inkulumo yengxenye yokuqala, kodwa uchaza into eyodwa kuphela “ehlakaniphile” noma “ehlakaniphile”.
INkosi iphetha lo mfanekiso ngala mazwi: “Futhi iNkosi yamtusa umphathi ongathembekile ngokwenza ngokukhalipha.” Manje ufuna ukusebenzisa lomfanekiso kubafundi Bakhe futhi lapha, ebuka abathelisi beza kuYe ( cf. Luka 15:1 ), njengokungathi uthi: “Yebo, ukuhlakanipha, nokuqonda ekuzifuneleni insindiso kuyinto enkulu, futhi manje kufanele ngivume ukuthi, ngokumangala kwabaningi, ukuhlakanipha okunjalo kuboniswa ngabathelisi, hhayi labo ababehlale bezibheka njengabantu abakhanyiselwe kakhulu, okungukuthi abaFarisi”.
Luka 16:9 . Nami ngithi kini: Yenzani ubungane nengcebo engalungile, ukuze kuthi, lapho niba mpofu, banamukele ezindlini eziphakade.
INkosi yayivele ibatusile abathelisi ababeyilandela, kodwa yakwenza lokho ngesigwebo esijwayelekile. Manje ukhuluma nabo ngokuqondile ngokwakhe: “Futhi mina-njengaleyo nkosi abantu ababekweleta yona enkulu—ngithi kini: Uma umuntu enemali—njengemali yomphathi ayenayo—niboshiwe. yena, ukuze nenze abangane, abayakunamukela njengabangane bomlindi”.
“ingcebo engalungile”. Ingcebo uJehova ayibiza ngokuthi “ayilungile” (μαμωνᾶ τῆς ἀδικίας), hhayi ngoba yatholwa ngezindlela ezingalungile - leyo ngcebo kumelwe ibuyiselwe ngokomthetho njengentshontshiwe ( Lev. 6:4; Dut. 22:1 ), kodwa ngoba iyize. , ngokukhohlisa, ngokwesikhashana, futhi ngokuvamile zenza umuntu abe nobugovu, ngobuxhwanguxhwangu, akhohlwe umsebenzi wakhe wokwenza okuhle komakhelwane bakhe, futhi asebenze njengesithiyo esikhulu endleleni yokuthola uMbuso weZulu ( Marku 10:25 ).
"lapho uba mpofu" (ἐκλίπητε) - ngokunembile kakhulu: uma (ingcebo) iphucwa inani layo (ngokokufunda okungcono - ἐκλίπῃ). Lokhu kukhomba esikhathini sokuBuya kwesiBili kukaKristu, lapho ingcebo yesikhashana yasemhlabeni iyobe ingasekho (cf. Luka 6:24; Jakobe 5:1ff.).
"ukukwamukela". Akushiwo ukuthi bangobani, kodwa kufanele sicabange ukuthi bangabangane abangatholwa ngokusetshenziswa okufanele kwengcebo yasemhlabeni, okungukuthi. lapho lisetshenziswa ngendlela ethokozisa uNkulunkulu.
"izindawo zokuhlala zaphakade". Le nkulumo ihambisana nenkulumo ethi “ezindlini zabo” ( ivesi 4 ) futhi isho uMbuso kaMesiya, oyohlala phakade ( cf 3 Esdras 2:11 ).
Luka 16:10 . Othembekile kokuncane uthembekile nakokukhulu, nongalungile kokuncane kakhulu, akalungile nakokukhulu.
Ithuthukisa umqondo wesidingo sokusebenzisa ingcebo ngokuhlakanipha, iNkosi iqala ngokucaphuna, njengokungathi, isaga: “Othembekile kokuncane, uthembekile nakokukhulu.”
Lona umcabango ojwayelekile ongadingi ncazelo ekhethekile. Kodwa wabe esekhuluma ngqo nabalandeli Bakhe phakathi kwabathelisi. Ngokungangabazeki babe nengcebo enkulu ababenayo, futhi babengathembekile ngaso sonke isikhathi ekusebenziseni kwabo: ngokuvamile, ekuqoqweni kwentela nentela, babezithathela ingxenye yalokho okuqoqiwe. Ngakho-ke, iNkosi ibafundisa ukulahla lo mkhuba omubi. Kungani kufanele baqongelele ingcebo? Akulunganga, akwelinye izwe, futhi kufanele sikuphathe njengokwamanye amazwe. Unethuba lokuthola okwangempela, okungukuthi. ingcebo eyigugu ngempela, okufanele ithandeke ngokukhethekile kini, njengoba isifanela kahle isikhundla senu njengabafundi bakaKristu. Kodwa ubani oyoniphathisa le ngcebo ephakeme, lokhu okuhle, okuhle kweqiniso, uma ningakwazi ukubusa abaphansi? Ingabe ungadunyiswa ngezibusiso uKristu azinikeza abalandeli Bakhe beqiniso eMbusweni kaNkulunkulu okhazimulayo osezokwambulwa?
Luka 16:11 . Ngakho-ke uma beningathembekanga engcebweni engalungile, ngubani oyakuniphathisa kweqiniso na?
“ubani oyokuphathisa okweqiniso”. UKristu uthi kubo: unethuba lokuthola okwangempela, okungukuthi ingcebo eyigugu ngempela, okufanele ithandeke kakhulu kuwe, njengoba ifanelana kahle nesikhundla sakho njengabafundi bakaKristu. Kodwa ubani oyoniphathisa le ngcebo ephakeme, lokhu okuhle, okuhle kweqiniso, uma ningakwazi ukubusa abaphansi? Ingabe ungadunyiswa ngezibusiso uKristu azinikeza abalandeli Bakhe beqiniso eMbusweni kaNkulunkulu okhazimulayo osezokwambulwa?
Luka 16:12 . Futhi uma beningathembekanga kowezizwe, ubani oyoninika okwenu?
Luka 16:13 . Akukho nceku engakhonza amakhosi amabili, ngokuba iyakuzonda enye, ithande enye; noma ajabulise enye, adelele enye. Anikwazi ukukhonza uNkulunkulu noMamona.
Kusukela ekuthembekeni ekusebenziseni ingcebo yasemhlabeni, uKristu udlulela embuzweni wenkonzo kaNkulunkulu kuphela, engahambelani nenkonzo kaMamona. Bheka uMathewu 6:24 lapho lo musho uphindaphindwa khona.
Emfanekisweni wombusi ongalungile, uKristu, lowo kulemfundiso acabanga ngayo ngaphezu kwabo bonke abathelisi, futhi ufundisa zonke izoni ngokuvamile indlela yokuzuza insindiso nenjabulo yaphakade. Lena incazelo engaqondakali yalo mfanekiso. Isicebi nguNkulunkulu. Umnikazi ongalungile uyisoni esichitha isikhathi eside ngokunganaki izipho zikaNkulunkulu, kuze kube yilapho uNkulunkulu embiza ngezibonakaliso ezisongelayo (izifo, amashwa). Uma isoni singakahlambuluki, siyaphenduka, njengoba nje nomphathi ethethelela abakweleta inkosi yakhe noma yiziphi izikweletu ebecabanga ukuthi ziyamkweleta.
Asikho isidingo sokungena ezincazelweni ezinemininingwane ezingokomfanekiso zalo mfanekiso, ngoba lapha kuzodingeka siqondiswe kuphela ngokuqondana okungahleliwe futhi siphendukele ezimisweni: njenganoma yimuphi omunye umfanekiso, umzekeliso womphathi ongalungile uqukethe, ngaphezu kwalokho oyinhloko. umqondo, izici ezengeziwe ezingadingi kuchazwa.
Luka 16:14 . AbaFarisi ababethanda imali bakuzwa konke lokho bamklolodela.
"bahleka". Phakathi kwezilaleli zomfanekiso womnikazi ongalungile kwakunabaFarisi, ababeklolodela ( ἐξεμυκτήριζον) uKristu - ngokusobala ngoba babecabanga ukuthi umbono Wakhe ngengcebo yasemhlabeni wawuyihlaya. Bathi umthetho wawubheka ingcebo ngenye indlela: kukhona ingcebo ethenjiswayo njengomvuzo kwabalungileyo ngenxa yobuhle bayo, ngakho-ke ayinakubizwa ngandlela-thile ngokuthi ayilungile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, nabaFarisi ngokwabo babethanda imali.
Luka 16:15 . Wathi kubo: “Niziveza nilungile kubantu, kepha uNkulunkulu uyazazi izinhliziyo zenu; ngokuba lokho okuphakeme phakathi kwabantu kuyisinengiso phambi kukaNkulunkulu.
“niziveza njengabalungileyo.” Yilokhu kuqonda kahle ingcebo uKristu akucabangayo, futhi kubonakala sengathi uthi kubo: “Yebo, emthethweni kukhona izithembiso zemivuzo yasemhlabeni, ikakhulu ingcebo yendlela yokuphila elungileyo. Kodwa aninalungelo lokubheka ingcebo yenu njengomvuzo ovela kuNkulunkulu ngenxa yokulunga kwenu. Ukulunga kwakho kuwumcabango. Ngisho noma ungazitholela inhlonipho kubantu ngokulunga kwakho kokuzenzisa, ngeke ukuthole ukuqashelwa uNkulunkulu, Obona isimo sangempela senhliziyo yakho. Futhi lesi simo sibi kakhulu. “
Luka 16:16 . Umthetho nabaprofethi kwakukhona kwaze kwafika uJohane: kusukela ngaleso sikhathi umbuso kaNkulunkulu washunyayelwa, futhi wonke umuntu wazama ukungena kuwo.
Lamavesi amathathu (16 – 18) aqukethe amagama asechaziwe ezincwadini ezihlaziya iVangeli likaMathewu (cf. Math. 11:12 – 14, 5:18, 32). Lapha banencazelo yesingeniso somfanekiso olandelayo wendoda ecebile noLazaru ompofu. Ngabo, iNkosi iqinisekisa ukubaluleka okukhulu komthetho nabaphrofethi (okuzokhulunywa ngabo emfanekisweni), okulungiselela amaJuda ukwamukela umbuso kaMesiya, ummemezeli wakhe uJohane uMbhapathizi. Ngenxa yabo, ukulangazelela uMbuso kaNkulunkulu owambuliwe kuyavuka kubantu.
Luka 16:17 . Kepha kulula ukuba kudlule izulu nomhlaba kunokuba kuphuke nesihlava sinye somthetho.
“umugqa owodwa woMthetho”. Umthetho akufanele ulahlekelwe noma yiziphi izici zawo, futhi njengesibonelo salokhu kulwelwa komthetho uKristu ubonisa ukuthi wayewuqonda umthetho wedivosi ngisho nangaphezu kwalokho owawuhunyushwa esikoleni sabaFarisi.
Luka 16:18 . Olahla umkakhe, aganwe ngomunye, uyaphinga;
B. Weiss unikeza incazelo ethile yalo musho kuleli vesi. Ngokusho kwakhe, uMvangeli uLuka uqonda le nkulumo ngendlela engokomfanekiso, ebonisa ubuhlobo phakathi komthetho nohlelo olusha loMbuso kaNkulunkulu (cf. Roma 7:1-3). Lowo, ngenxa yalokhu kwakamuva, ashiye okokuqala, wenza isono esifanayo sokuphinga phambi kukaNkulunkulu, njengalowo othi ngemva kokuba uNkulunkulu esekhulule umuntu ekulaleleni umthetho ngokumemezela ivangeli, usafisa ukuqhubeka nesono sakhe. ubudlelwano nomthetho. Omunye wona mayelana nokungaguquleki komthetho (ivesi 17), futhi omunye wona ngokungafuni ukuhlanganyela ekufuneni kwabantu ukuphila okusha komusa (ivesi 16).
Luka 16:19 . Kwakukhona umuntu othile owayecebile, egqoka ezibubende nelineni elicolekileyo, esidla imihla ngemihla ngokunethezeka.
Emfanekisweni olandelayo kaLazaru ocebile noLazaru ompofu, uJehova ubonisa imiphumela emibi yokusebenzisa kabi ingcebo (bheka ivesi 14). Lomfanekiso awuqondiswe ngokuqondile kubaFarisi, ngoba babengenakufaniswa nesicebi esasinganaki ukusindiswa kwaso, kodwa ngokumelene nombono wabo ingcebo njengento engenabungozi ngokuphelele emsebenzini wensindiso, ngisho nanjengobufakazi bokulunga komuntu. , ekabani. INkosi ikhombisa ukuthi ingcebo akubona nhlobo ubufakazi bokulunga, nokuthi ngokuvamile yenza umonakalo omkhulu kumniniyo, futhi imphonse kwalasha esihogweni ngemva kokufa.
"marigold". Kuyindwangu enentambo, yovolo edaywe ngodayi onsomi obizayo osetshenziselwa izingubo zangaphandle (obomvu ngombala).
"Vison". Yindwangu emhlophe ecolekile eyenziwe ngekotini (ngakho-ke hhayi ilineni) futhi isetshenziselwa ukwenza izingubo zangaphansi.
“Nsuku zonke wayedla ngokukhazimulayo”. Kulokhu kuyacaca ukuthi isicebi sasingenandaba nezindaba zomphakathi kanye nezidingo zabanye abantu, noma insindiso yomphefumulo wayo. Wayengeyena umuntu onobudlova, umcindezeli wabampofu, futhi akenzanga obunye ubugebengu, kodwa leli dili eliqhubekayo lokungakhathali kwakuyisono esikhulu phambi kukaNkulunkulu.
Luka 16:20 . Kwakukhona futhi indoda empofu, uLazaru, eyayilele enqwabeni ngasemnyango wayo
“ULazaru” yigama elifushanisiwe elivela ku-Eleyazare, – usizo lukaNkulunkulu. Singase sivumelane nabahumushi abathile ukuthi igama lesinxibi lashiwo uKristu ukuze abonise ukuthi le ndoda empofu yayinethemba kuphela osizweni lukaNkulunkulu.
"lala phansi" - ἐβέβλέτο - waxoshwa, hhayi njengoba ekuhumusheni kwethu "lala phansi". Umuntu ompofu waxoshwa abantu esangweni lesicebi.
“umnyango wakhe” ( πρὸς τὸν πυλῶνα) - emnyango ophuma egcekeni ungena endlini ( cf. Math. 26:71 ).
Luka 16:21 . Kwaba yizinsuku ezinhlanu bedla imvuthuluka ewa etafuleni lesicebi, izinja zafika zakhotha utwayi lwakhe.
“imvuthuluka eziwa etafuleni”. Emadolobheni asempumalanga kwakuwumkhuba ukulahla zonke izinsalela zokudla ngqo emgwaqweni, lapho zazidliwa khona izinja ezazizulazula emigwaqweni. Kulesi simo, uLazaru ogulayo kwadingeka abele izinja lezi imvuthuluka. Izinja, izilwane ezingcolile, ezingcolile ngokombono wamaJuda, zakhotha utwayi lwakhe—zaphatha indoda enebhadi eyayingakwazi ukuzixosha njengomunye wohlobo lwayo. Akukho nokuncane ukuzisola ngabo lapha.
Luka 16:22 . Wafa ompofu, izingelosi zamyisa esifubeni sika-Abrahama; nesicebi safa, basimbela;
“wathathwa yiziNgelosi”. Kubhekiselwa emphefumulweni wesinxibi, owathwalwa yizingelosi ezathi, ngokokukhulelwa kwamaJuda, zithwala imiphefumulo yabalungile ziyiyisa ezulwini.
“Isifuba sika-Abrahama”. Yigama lesiHeberu elisho intokozo yasezulwini yabalungileyo. Abalungileyo basala ngemva kokufa kwabo esidlweni esiseduze kakhulu nokhokho u-Abrahama, bebeka amakhanda abo esifubeni sakhe. Nokho, isifuba sika-Abrahama asifani nepharadesi - ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, isikhundla esikhethiwe nesingcono, esasihlezi epharadesi isinxibi uLazaru, owathola lapha isiphephelo esithulile ezingalweni zikakhokho wakhe (isithombe lapha. akuthathwe esidlweni sakusihlwa noma etafuleni, ngokwesibonelo, okukhulunywa ngakho ku-Math 8:11 nakuLuka 13:29-30, nasesikweni labazali lokufudumala izingane zabo ezingalweni zabo; .
Yebo, izulu aliqondwa lapha ngomqondo wombuso wenkazimulo (njengaku-2 Kor. 12:2 ff.), kodwa kuphela njengokusho isimo senjabulo sabalungile abashiye ukuphila kwasemhlabeni. Lesi simo singokwesikhashana futhi abalungile bayohlala kuso kuze kube sekubuyeni kwesibili kukaKristu.
Luka 16:23 . esesihogweni, esebuhlungwini, waphakamisa amehlo akhe, wabona u-Abrahama ekude, noLazaru esesifubeni sakhe.
“esihogweni”. Igama lesiHeberu elithi “Shiyol,” lapha elihunyushwe ngokuthi “isihogo,” njengaku-Septuagint, libonisa indawo evamile yokuhlala yemiphefumulo efile kuze kube uvuko, futhi lihlukaniswe laba izulu labamesaba uNkulunkulu ( Luka 23:43 ) nesihogo kwababi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iTalmud ithi izulu nesihogo kuhlelwe ngendlela yokuthi endaweni ethile umuntu abone okwenziwa kwenye. Kodwa akudingekile neze ukuthola noma imiphi imiqondo eqinile mayelana nokuphila kwangemva kokufa kule ngxoxo kanye nelandelayo phakathi kwesicebi no-Abrahama, ngoba ngokungangabazeki kule ngxenye yomfanekiso sinawo phambi kwethu ukumelwa okusankondlo komqondo owaziwayo ofana nowawo. ukuthi yimuphi umhlangano, isibonelo, ku-3 Sam. 22, lapho umprofethi uMikaya echaza khona isambulo mayelana nesiphetho sebutho lika-Ahabi esambulelwa kuye. Ngokwesibonelo, ingabe kungenzeka sikuthathe ngokoqobo lokho okushiwo isicebi ngokoma kwayo? Awu, akanawo umzimba esihogweni.
“wabona u-Abrahama ekude, noLazaru esesifubeni sakhe.” Yebo, lokhu kwanezela osizini lwakhe, ngoba kwakumcasula kakhulu ukubona isinxibi esinyanyekayo sijabulela ubuhlobo obunjalo nenzalamizi.
Luka 16:24 . wamemeza wathi: ‘Baba Abrahama, ngihawukele, uthume uLazaru, acwilise isihloko somunwe wakhe emanzini, aphozise ulimi lwami, ngokuba ngiyahlushwa kuleli langabi.
Ibona uLazaru esifubeni sika-Abrahama, isicebi esihluphekayo sacela u-Abrahama ukuba athumele uLazaru ukuze amsize okungenani ngethonsi lamanzi.
Luka 16:25 . U-Abrahama wathi: “Mntanami, khumbula ukuthi wena wamukela okuhle kwakho usesekhona, noLazaru okubi; manje uyaduduzwa lapha, wena uyahlushwa;
"kuhle kwakho". Nokho, u-Abrahama, ngokuthopha ebiza isicebi ngokuthi “ingane” yakhe, wenqaba ukugcwalisa isicelo sakhe: usekutholile kakade okwanele kwalokho ayekubheka njengokuhle (“okuhle kwakhe”), kuyilapho uLazaru ebona ububi kuphela ekuphileni kwakhe (lapha asikho isabizwana esithi). wengeze ngokuthi “okwakhe”, okubonisa ukuthi ukuhlupheka akuyona into edingekayo yomuntu olungile).
Kusukela ekuphikiseni kukaLazaru kuya endodeni ecebile, ngokungangabazeki eyayinecala ngesiphetho sayo esibuhlungu ngoba yayiphila ngobubi, kusobala ukuthi uLazaru wayeyindoda eqotho.
Luka 16:26 . ngaphandle kwalokho, kukhona umhosha omkhulu phakathi kwethu nani, ukuze abafuna ukuwela besuka lapha beze kini, bangewelele kithi besuka lapha.
"ibona umhosha omkhulu". U-Abrahama uveza intando kaNkulunkulu yokuthi umuntu angasuki ezulwini aye esihogweni futhi enze okuphambene nalokho. Eveza lomcabango ongokomfanekiso, u-Abrahama uthi phakathi kweGehena nePharadesi kunomhosha omkhulu (ngokombono worabi, iyisentimitha elilodwa kuphela), kangangokuthi uLazaru, uma efuna ukuya endodeni ecebile, wayengenakukwenza lokho.
"ukuthi abakwazi". Ngokusekelwe kule mpendulo ka-Abrahama, singaphetha ngamanga emfundiso yemimoya, evumayo ukuthi kungenzeka kube khona imimoya yabafileyo, okuthiwa ingakholisa othile ngeqiniso elithile eliphakeme kakhulu: sineSonto Elingcwele njengesiqondiso sethu ekuphileni futhi thina. ungadingi ezinye izindlela.
Luka 16:27 . Wathi: Ngiyakucela, baba, umthume endlini kababa;
Luka 16:28 . ngoba nginabafowethu abayisihlanu, ukuze ngifakaze kubo, ukuze nabo bangezi kule ndawo yosizi.
“ukufakaza kubo”, okungukuthi ngibatshele ukuthi ngihlupheka kanjani ngoba ngangingafuni ukushintsha impilo yami yokunganaki.
Luka 16:29 . U-Abrahama wathi kuye: BanoMose nabaprofethi; mabalalele bona.
Lapha kuthiwa iyodwa kuphela indlela yokubalekela isiphetho sesicebi esicwila esihogweni, okungukuthi ukuphenduka, ukuguquka kwempilo yobuvila, egcwele injabulo, nokuthi umthetho nabaprofethi kuyizindlela ezikhonjiswayo. bonke abafuna ukulaywa . Ngisho nokubuya kwabafileyo akunakubasiza kakhulu labo abaphila ukuphila okungenazinkathazo njengalezi zindlela zokufundisa ezihlala zikhona.
Luka 16:30 . Yasisithi: Hatshi, baba Abrahama, kodwa uba omunye wabafileyo eya kubo, bazaphenduka.
Luka 16:31 . Wayesethi u-Abrahama kuye: “Uma uMose engumprofethi, uma bengalaleli, noma kuvuka omunye kwabafileyo, abayikuvunyiswa.
"ngeke bakholiseke". Ngenkathi umvangeli ebhala lokhu, umqondo wokungakholwa amaJuda ahlangana ngakho nokuvuka kukaLazaru (Johane 12:10) nokuvuka kukaKristu uqobo Lwakhe kungenzeka ukuthi kwavela engqondweni yakhe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uKristu nabaphostoli base bekwenzile kakade ukuvusa abafileyo, futhi ingabe lokhu kwasebenzela abaFarisi abangakholwa? Bazama ukuchaza lezi zimangaliso ngezimbangela ezithile ezingokwemvelo noma, njengoba kwenzeka ngempela, ngosizo lwamandla athile amnyama.
Abanye abahumushi, ngaphezu kwencazelo eqondile eshiwo ngenhla, babona kulo mfanekiso incazelo engokomfanekiso nengokwesiprofetho. Ngokusho kwabo, isicebi, nakho konke ukuziphatha nesiphetho saso, senza samuntu inkolo yobuJuda, eyayiphila ngokunganaki ngethemba lamalungelo ayo eMbusweni weZulu, kwathi ekufikeni kukaKristu, yazithola isingaphandle komnyango walokho. UMbuso, kanye nesinxibi simelela ubuhedeni, obabuhlukanisiwe nomphakathi wama-Israyeli futhi buphila ngobumpofu bomoya, base bemukelwa ngokuphazima kweso esifubeni seBandla likaKristu.
Umthombo ngesiRashiya: IBhayibheli Elichazayo, noma Izincazelo zazo zonke izincwadi zemiBhalo Engcwele yeTestamente Elidala neTestamente Elisha: Emiqulu engu-7 / Ed. uphrof. AP Lopukhin. – Ed. 4th. – Moscow: Dar, 2009. / T. 6: AmaVangeli Amane. - 1232 pp. / IVangeli likaLuka. 735-959 p.
