Ukuqaqa amafa obugqila

“Ukhuluma ngobugebengu obukhulu kunawo wonke owenziwe esintwini,” kusho isazi-mlando esidumile uSir Hilary Beckles, ophinde abe usihlalo weKhomishana Yokubuyiswa Komphakathi WaseCaribbean, ecabanga ngohwebo lwamazwe awela i-Atlantic olwagqilaza abantu base-Afrika abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyishumi phakathi namakhulu amane eminyaka.

“Umuntu angathi kwakuyisikhungo esachithwa eminyakeni engu-200 edlule, kodwa ake ngikutshele lokhu,” echaza, “asikho isikhungo esikhathini samanje, eminyakeni engu-500 edlule noma ngaphezulu, esiye sashintsha umhlaba ngendlela ejulile njengalokhu. ukuhweba ngezigqila kanye nobugqila ngaphesheya kwe-Atlantic.

Ukukhumbula ubugqila ekhulwini lama-21

Emcimbini okhethekile woMhlangano Jikelele we Usuku Lwamazwe Ngamazwe Lwesikhumbuzo Sezisulu Zokugqilazwa kanye Nohwebo Lwezigqila ETransatlantic, ephawulwa minyaka yonke ngomhla zingama-25 kuNdasa, izikhulumi ezimenyiwe zihlanganisa uSir Beckles kanye nesishoshovu esineminyaka engu-15 u-Yolanda Renee King wase-United States.

“Ngimi phambi kwenu namuhla njengenzalo eziqhenyayo yabantu ababegqilaziwe ababemelana nobugqila nokucwasa,” uNksz. watshela umzimba womhlaba.

“Njengogogo nomkhulu, uDkt. Martin Luther King Jr. noCoretta Scott King,” esho, “abazali bami, uMartin Luther King III no-Arndrea Waters King, nabo baye banikela ukuphila kwabo ekuqedeni ukucwasa kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zokucwasa. nokucwasa. Njengabo, ngizibophezele ekulweni nokungabi nabulungisa kwezinhlanga nasekuqhubekiseleni phambili ifa likagogo nomkhulu.” 

Izindaba ze-UN wabamba uNkz King kanye noSir Beckles ebabuza ukuthi Usuku Lomhlaba Lwesikhumbuzo Lusho ukuthini kubo.

Izindaba ze-UN: Uhwebo oluwela i-Atlantiki lwabantu base-Afrika abagqilaziwe lwaqedwa emakhulwini eminyaka adlule. Kungani kusabalulekile ukuthi izwe liwukhumbule?

USir Hilary Beckles: Uma sithi emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, yebo, mhlawumbe ngaphansi kweminyaka engama-200, kodwa ubugqila kanye namabhizinisi okuhweba ngezigqila kwakungamabhizinisi amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni ngaleso sikhathi futhi kwaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni komnotho wezwe, ezombusazwe, ubudlelwano bobuhlanga namasiko. ubudlelwano kanye nendlela impucuko ehlangane ngayo. Umthelela wawujule kakhulu futhi ujulile futhi uhlezi ezizukulwaneni eziningana.

Yolanda Renee King: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kube khona uhlobo oluthile lokuvuma. Usuku lokuzindla. Ngicabanga ukuthi kufanele sivume umlando wethu, amaphutha ethu kanye nobuhlungu. Asikafinyeleli amandla aphelele omhlaba wethu ngenxa yohwebo lwe-atlantic ngabantu abagqilaziwe.

Umbukiso weMemory of Slavery ku-UNESCO's Slave Route Project eParis. (ifayela)

Izindaba ze-UN: Yimaphi amafa ohwebo lwaphesheya kwe-Atlantic kubantu base-Afrika abagqilaziwe asenawo nanamuhla?

Yolanda Renee King: Zisekhona izinsalela zalolo bandlululo, zalolo bandlululo. Kufanele sivume umsuka ukuze sixazulule inkinga futhi sixazulule izinkinga. Kuyacaca ukuthi kuningi ukucwasa nokucwasa yonke indawo. Nakuba siye, ikhulu ngalinye, senze intuthuko, ngicabanga ukuthi kusenezinkinga eziningi ezikhona.

Ukuze sixazulule inkinga, kufanele siqale sivume.

Ikakhulukazi manje kunangaphambili, sibona ukuhlehla okukhulu. Sibona ukwanda kokucwasa ngokwebala hhayi nje ukucwasa ngokwebala, kodwa nokucwaswa kwawo wonke amaqembu ancishwe amathuba ngokujwayelekile.

USir Hilary Beckles: Imiphumela ibe mikhulu kakhulu. Siyabubona ubufakazi balawo mafa yonke indawo, hhayi kuphela ezindaweni lapho kwakwenziwa khona, njengakuwo wonke amazwe aseMelika, kodwa e-Afrika nangezinga elithile e-Asia.

Asikuboni kuphela ezindabeni ezisobala zobudlelwane bezinhlanga kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokucwasa njengefilosofi yenhlangano yezenhlalakahle, lapho imiphakathi eminingi lapho iye yathinta khona manje ihlelwe ngendlela yokuthi abantu base-Afrika bathathwe njengabantu abancishwe kakhulu, futhi inzalo yabantu abagqilaziwe isaqhubeka nokucwaswa ngokwebala.

Uma ubheka amazwe anezigameko eziningi zezifo ezingelapheki, abantu abaNsundu banezibalo eziphezulu zeziguli ezingabantu abadala abanesifo sikashukela emhlabeni.

Isiqhingi lapho ngisuka khona, i-Barbados, sithathwa njengekhaya lobugqila be-chattel lapho ikhodi yesigqila ngo-1616 yaba ikhodi yesigqila yayo yonke iMelika lapho abantu base-Afrika babechazwa njengempahla ye-chattel engeyona eyabantu. Manje, iBarbados inesibalo esiphezulu sabantu abanesifo sikashukela emhlabeni kanye nephesenti eliphezulu lokunqunywa kwezitho zomzimba. 

Akunakwenzeka ukuqondana nje ukuthi isiqhingi esincane esasiyisiqhingi sokuqala ukuba neningi lama-Afrika kanye nenani labantu abagqilaziwe manje sesixhunyaniswe nokunqunywa kwezitho okukhulu kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela emhlabeni.

Isiqhingi saseGorée ngasogwini lwaseSenegal siyindawo yamagugu ye-UNESCO futhi siwuphawu lokuhlupheka, ubuhlungu nokufa kohwebo lwezigqila oluwela i-Atlantic.

Izindaba ze-UN: Kufanele kusingathwe kanjani lawo mafa?

Yolanda Renee King: Uma ufuna ukuba nomhlaba onokucwasa nokucwasa nakho konke lokhu futhi ufuna ubunzima bekusasa, qhubeka ushiye izinto ngendlela eziyiyo namuhla.

Kodwa, uma ufuna uguquko, uma ufuna ngempela ukwenza okuthile, ngicabanga ukuthi indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza lokho wukwenza abaholi bethu baziphendulele futhi balethe lezi zinkinga kubo. Yizo ezizonquma hhayi ikusasa lakho kuphela, kodwa ikusasa lengane yakho, ikusasa lomndeni wakho nalabo abangemva kwakho, ikusasa labo.

USir Hilary Beckles, iSekela-Shansela le-University of the West Indies kanye noSihlalo weKhomishana Yokubuyiswa Komphakathi WaseCaribbean (CARICOM), ukhuluma kuMhlangano Jikelele.

USir Hilary Beckles: Sisabhekene nokulungisa izinkinga eziyisisekelo zokubuyiswa kwamakoloni, ukungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala okukhulu, ukungondleki okudlulele kanye nesifo esingelapheki, futhi ukubhekana nalezi zindaba kudinga imali enkulu yokutshalwa kwezimali. Ngakho-ke, uma sikhuluma ngobulungisa, esikushoyo kumakholoni kanye nasezigqilini ezisishiyele ifa: “Leli yifa lakho, futhi ubulungiswa bokubuyisela buthi kufanele ubuyele endaweni yobugebengu futhi wenze lula ukuhlanzeka. ukusebenza kanzima."

Eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu noma engamashumi amane edlule, ubulungiswa bokubuyisela kwakuwumqondo owaheha ukwesekwa okuncane kakhulu. Ngokuchaza kabusha umqondo wokunxeshezelwa, sithe kumayelana nokulungisa umonakalo odalekile kubantu, emiphakathini nasezizweni. Lezi zinkinga kumele zilungiswe uma la mazwe enethuba lokuba nentuthuko.

Sithole ukuthi ohulumeni base-Afrika manje abahlome ngolwazi lomlando bayakwazi ukuthi “sifuna ukuba nengxoxo mayelana nokubuyisela; sifuna ukukhuluma ngayo.” Lokho kwakungenye yezimpumelelo ezinkulu zokuzamazama komhlaba. Ngenkathi i-African Union ihlangana ekupheleni konyaka odlule futhi imemezela ukuthi u-2025 kuzoba unyaka wokunxeshezelwa kwe-Afrika, lokho kwaba impumelelo enkulu emlandweni.

Izindaba ze-UN: Nks. King, iqhawe likamkhulu wakho Ngingephupho inkulumo eWashington ngo-1963 iyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza izizukulwane ukuthi ziqhubekele phambili emzabalazweni wamalungelo. Amaphupho akhe kwakungosuku lapho abantu beyokwahlulelwa ngobuntu babo, hhayi ibala lesikhumba sabo. Ngabe iphupho lakhe lifezekile ngo-2024, futhi uke wazizwa wahlulelwa ngombala wesikhumba sakho?

Yolanda Renee King: Angicabangi ukuthi sesifinyelele kulelo phupho okwamanje. Ngicabanga ukuthi kube khona inqubekela phambili. Ngicabanga ukuthi sekukhona amagxathu akhona selokhu kwenziwa le nkulumo. Kodwa, akufanele sibe lapho esikhona manje. Ngicabanga ukuthi kufanele sibe phambili kakhulu. Futhi ukube yena nogogo bebesaphila, ngicabanga ukuthi thina njengomphakathi besiyoba kude kakhulu kunamanje.

Njengomuntu oMnyama, ngicabanga ukuthi ngeshwa sonke siye sabhekana nohlobo oluthile lokucwaswa nokwahlulela. Ngeshwa, yebo, kuye kwaba khona izikhathi lapho ngiye ngahlulelwa ngokohlanga lwami. Ngicabanga ukuthi sidinga ukuthola indlela yokuqhubekela phambili, futhi sidinga ukuqala ukwenza amasu.

Ngicabanga ukuthi abantu abaningi, kunokuba sikhulume ngephupho futhi silikhazimulise futhi siligubhe futhi sibeke i-tweet elivumayo ngosuku [lwe-Martin Luther King] MLK Day, empeleni sidinga ukuqala ukuthatha isinyathelo ukuze siqhubekele phambili njengomphakathi. , ukuze athuthuke futhi abe sezweni alichaza kuleyo nkulumo.

#Khumbula Ubugqila, #Fight Racism: Kungani manje?

Umqondisi Omkhulu we-UNFPA, uNatalia Kanem, ukhuluma ngesikhathi kuvulwa umbukiso we-Ibo Landing eNew York.

I-UN isingathe uchungechunge lwemicimbi ekhethekile yokuqhakambisa Isonto Lokubambisana Nabantu Abalwa Nobandlululo Lobuhlanga kanye Nobandlululo Lobuhlanga, kusukela mhla zingama-21 kuya zingama-27 kuNdasa, kanye nokuphawula izinyanga zokugcina Iminyaka Eyishumi Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yabantu Benzalo Yase-Afrika.

Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe futhi ufinyelele imibhalo esemqoka, izivumelwano kanye nolwazi, vakashela i-UN uhlelo lokufinyelela ekuhwebeni ngezigqila eziwela i-Atlantic kanye nobugqila kanye #Khumbula Ubugqila.