Kubikwa ukuthi amaqembu ezigelekeqe alawula amaphesenti angaba ngu-90 ePort-au-Prince, okuphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngokuthi indlala isetshenziswa njengesikhali sokuphoqa umphakathi wendawo nokubamba izintambo phezu kwamaqembu ahlomile ayizimbangi.
Balawula imizila ebalulekile eya ezindaweni zokulima enyakatho naseningizimu futhi baphazamise ukuhlinzekwa kwempahla, okuhlanganisa nokudla.
Lokhu ezweni elinabantu abaningi basezindaweni zasemakhaya abalimayo abanye abakholelwa ukuthi bangakwazi ukuzimela ngokudla.
Pho konakelephi?
Nazi izinto ezinhlanu okudingeka uzazi mayelana nesimo samanje sokuvikeleka kokudla e-Haiti:
Izingane zaseHaiti zidla ukudla okushisayo okuhlinzekwa yi-UN kanye nozakwethu esikoleni.
Ingabe amazinga endlala ayakhuphuka?
Kunabantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-11 eHaiti futhi ngokusho kwamuva nje Ukuhlaziya okusekelwe yi-UN yokuvikeleka kokudla ezweni cishe izigidi ezi-4.97, cishe ingxenye yabantu, idinga uhlobo oluthile losizo lokudla.
Abanye abantu abayizigidi eziyi-1.64 babhekene nezimo eziphuthumayo zokungavikeleki kokudla.
Izingane zithinteke kakhulu, ngokwenyuka ngendlela eshaqisayo ngamaphesenti ayi-19 enani elilinganiselwa ukuthi lihlushwa ukungondleki okubi kakhulu ngo-2024.
Okuhle nakakhulu, abantu abayi-19,000 abaqoshwa ngoFebhuwari 2023 njengababhekene nezimo zendlala endaweni eyodwa esengozini yasePort-au-Prince bathathwe ohlwini olubucayi.
I-WFP isebenzisana nabalimi ukuhlinzeka ngokudla kwezinhlelo zokuphakela izingane ezikoleni.
Kungani abantu belambile?
Isikhwama Sezingane se-UN (UNICEF) Umqondisi Omkhulu uCatherine Russell wathi “inkinga yokungondleki kwamanje idalwa umuntu ngokuphelele”.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokungavikeleki kokudla kwamanje ukwanda kodlame lwamaqembu ezigelekeqe, ukukhuphuka kwamanani entengo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezolimo okuphansi kanye neziyaluyalu zezombusazwe, iziyaluyalu zomphakathi, ubumpofu obukhubaza nezinhlekelele zemvelo.
Balinganiselwa ku-362,000 abantu manje abashiye amakhaya abo ngaphakathi eHaiti futhi banobunzima bokuzondla bona ngokwabo. Abantu ababalelwa ku-17,000 babaleke ePort-au-Prince baya ezindaweni eziphephile zezwe, bashiya izimpilo zabo futhi behlisa amandla abo okuthenga ukudla njengoba amanani entengo eqhubeka nokukhuphuka.
Ngokwe-UN UMkhandlu wezokuPhepha-kugunyazwe Iphaneli Yochwepheshe eHaiti, amaqembu ezigebengu aye “esongela ukulondeka kokudla kwesizwe ngokuqondile nangokungaqondile”.
Abantu abadingisiwe bakhoselise enkundleni yesibhakela enkabeni yedolobha iPort-au-Prince ngemuva kokubalekela amakhaya abo ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yizigelekeqe.
Ukudlondlobala kodlame sekudale ukuthi kube nezinkinga zomnotho, kunyuke amanani entengo kanye nobubha obubhebhetheke kakhulu. Amaqembu ezigebengu aphazamise ukuhlinzekwa kokudla, kwesinye isikhathi, ngokuvala umnotho ngokusabisa abantu nangokufaka izivimbamgwaqo ezisabalele, ezaziwa endaweni ngokuthi. pheyi lok, njengesu lamabomu nelisebenzayo lokuvimba yonke imisebenzi yezomnotho.
Baphinde bavala imizila yezokuthutha esemqoka futhi bakhokhisa intela ekhwabanisayo, engekho emthethweni ezimotweni ezizama ukudlula phakathi kwenhloko-dolobha nezindawo zezolimo ezikhiqizayo.
Kwesinye isigameko, umholi weqembu lezigelekeqe e-Artibonite, okuyindawo eyinhloko yokulima irayisi yezwe kanye nokugxila okusha kweqembu lezigelekeqe, ukhiphe izinsongo eziningi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, exwayisa ngokuthi noma yibaphi abalimi ababuyela emasimini abo bazobulawa. Uhlelo Lomhlaba Lokudla (I-WFP) kubike ngo-2022 ukuthi kube nokwehla okuphawulekayo komhlaba olinywayo e-Artibonite.
Khonamanjalo, iNhlangano Yezokudla Nezolimo ye-UN (I-FAO) uthi ngo-2023, ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo lehle ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-39 ngommbila, ngamaphesenti angu-34 elayisi kanye namaphesenti angu-22 amabele uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu.
Sifike kanjani kuleli qophelo?
Nakuba inkinga yamanje yendlala eHaiti iye yabhebhethekiswa indlela amaqembu ezigebengu alawula ngayo umnotho nokuphila kwansuku zonke eHaiti, isuka emashumini eminyaka yokungathuthuki kahle kanye nezinxushunxushu zezombangazwe nezomnotho.
Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi ngokwengxenye ngenxa yobumpofu kanye nezinhlekelele zemvelo njengezikhukhula, isomiso nokuzamazama komhlaba, nakho kube nomthelela ekungavikelekeni kokudla.
Izinqubomgomo zokukhulula ukuhweba ezethulwa ngeminyaka yawo-1980 zanciphisa kakhulu intela evela kwamanye amazwe emikhiqizweni yezolimo, okuhlanganisa nelayisi, ummbila kanye nobhanana, okwehlisa ukuncintisana nokusebenza kokudla okukhiqizwa kuleli.
I-UN yenzani?
Ukusabela kosizo lwe-UN kuyaqhubeka eHaiti ngokubambisana neziphathimandla zikazwelonke, naphezu kwesimo esishubile nesishubile phansi, ikakhulukazi ePort-au-Prince.
Omunye wemisebenzi ebalulekile ehlobene nokudla ukwabiwa kokudla okushisayo kubantu abafudukayo, ukudla kanye nemali kulabo abaswele kanye nezidlo zasemini zezingane zesikole. NgoMashi, I-WFP ithe ifinyelele abantu abangaphezu kuka-460,000 enhloko-dolobha nasezweni lonke ngalezi zinhlelo. UNICEF uye wanikeza nosizo, kuhlanganise nokudla kwasesikoleni.
I-FAO unomkhuba omude wokusebenzisana nabalimi futhi ubelokhu ehlinzeka ngosizo olubalulekile ezinkathini zokutshala ezizayo, okuhlanganisa ukudluliswa kwemali, imbewu yemifino kanye namathuluzi okusekela impilo yezolimo.
I-ejensi ye-UN iyaqhubeka nokusekela izinqubomgomo zezolimo zikazwelonke eziholwa yi-Haiti kanye nokuqaliswa kwezinhlelo zentuthuko.
Kuthiwani ngesikhathi eside?
Ekugcineni, inhloso njengakunoma yiliphi izwe elingathuthukile elisenkingeni ukuthola indlela eya entuthukweni esimeme yesikhathi eside ezohlanganisa nokwakha izinhlelo zokudla eziqinile. Isimo esiyinkimbinkimbi ezweni elincike kakhulu ekusekelweni kosizo olunikezwa yi-UN nezinye izinhlangano.
Umgomo uwukunciphisa ukuncika kokudla kwamanye amazwe futhi uxhumanise izimpendulo zezenhlalakahle nesenzo sesikhathi eside sokuphepha kokudla.
Ngakho, isibonelo, I-WFPUhlelo lokuphakela abafundi emakhaya, oluhlinzeka abafundi ngesidlo sasemini, luzibophezele ekuthengeni zonke izithako zalo endaweni kunokuzithenga kwamanye amazwe, okuyisinyathelo esizokweseka futhi sikhuthaze abalimi ukuthi balime futhi badayise izilimo ezizothuthukisa indlela yabo yokuphila. ukuthuthukisa umnotho wendawo.
Isithelo sikakhokho simila esihlahleni eHaiti.
I-International Labour Organisation (I LO) usebenze nabalimi eningizimu-ntshonalanga yezwe ukuze batshale isithelo esinomsoco. Cishe amathani angu-15 kafulawa agaywe, amanye awo ahlinzeka ngezinhlelo ze-WFP.
I LO iphinde yeseka abalimi bakakhokho abathumele ngaphandle amathani angama-25 wempahla ebalulekile ngo-2023.
Zombili lezi zinhlelo zizothuthukisa iholo labalimi futhi zithuthukise ukutholakala kokudla kwabo futhi ngokusho kwesikhulu sezwe se-ILO, Fabrice Leclercq, uzosiza “ukunqanda ukufuduka kwasemaphandleni”.
Iningi liyavuma, nokho, ukuthi ngaphandle kokuthula nomphakathi ozinzile, ovikelekile, mancane amathuba okuthi iHaiti izokwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu ukuncika kwayo osizweni lwangaphandle ngenkathi iqinisekisa ukuthi abantu baseHaiti bathola ukudla okwanele.
