Umsebenzi oqinile futhi othule owenziwa eSpain ngamahlelo enkolo anjengamaBuddha, amaBaha’is, amaVangeli, amaMormon, amalungu Scientology, amaJuda, amaSikh noFakazi BakaJehova baye bahlala amashumi eminyaka ethunzini, bengabonwa kwabezindaba. Kodwa-ke, isifundo sokuphayona esithunywe yi- Fundación Pluralismo y Convivencia I-(Pluralism and Coexistence (Living Together) Foundation, exhunywe kuNgqongqoshe Wehhovisi likaMongameli waseSpain) futhi eyenziwa abacwaningi e-Comillas Pontifical University isanda kuveza ukuzinikela okukhulu kwale miphakathi emisebenzini yokusiza umphakathi, kanye nezibani nezithunzi. ngeqhaza labo kulo mkhakha. “La acción social de las confesiones minoritarias en España: mapa, prácticas y percepciones” (ngena ku- umbiko ogcwele lapha) (Isenzo senhlalo yezinkolo ezincane eSpain: imephu, imikhuba kanye nemibono) yashicilelwa ngomhla ka-28 Disemba yi-Observatorio de Pluralismo Religioso en España.
Lo mbiko, obusekelwe ezingxoxweni, amaqembu okugxilwe kuwo kanye nocwaningo lwabaholi namalungu akhuthele alezi zinkolo ezincane, uye wadweba ngokokuqala ngqá imingcele, izindinganiso, amandla kanye nobuthakathaka bosizo abaludlulisela kubantu ababencishwe amathuba kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi ngokuqondile. emphakathini wezenkolo, nakwezinye izikhathi ezinhlanganweni zawo ezifana ne-Caritas, i-Diaconia, i-ADRA noma i-Foundation for the Improvement of Life, Culture and Society.
Abacwaningi babhala ukuthi “ngokucwaninga kwabo, indawo yonke yokuhlaziya igxile kulezi zinkolo ezimbalwa ezilandelayo: I-Buddhist, Ivangeli, Isi-Bahá'í Ukukholwa, iBandla likaJesu Kristu lika Abangcwele Bezinsuku Zokugcina, IBandla lika Scientology, AmaJuda, Muslim, I-Orthodox, UFakazi KaJehova futhi Sikh. Ukukhethwa kwalawa mahlelo kuhlobene nokuba khona kwawo kanye nokusungulwa kwawo eSpain, kanye nethuba nokusebenzisana kwawo ”.
Futhi isifinyezo esitholiwe siyathakazelisa: indawo eshisayo yemiphakathi ezinikele ngomzimba nomphefumulo emsebenzini wokweseka umphakathi osebenza ngokuzimisela, nakuba ngokuzithandela okukhulu kunemisipha yesikhungo. Ingcebo okunotho kwayo okungakatholakali.
Usizo oluphansi kodwa oluqhubekayo
Isiphetho sokuqala okufanele sithathwe kulolu cwaningo ukuthi amahlelo enkolo amancane aseneminyaka enza umsebenzi othule kodwa omkhulu wokusiza, ogxile ngaphezu kwakho konke emaqenjini asengozini njengabafiki, ababaleki kanye nabantu abampofu.
Lolu wusizo olusezingeni eliphansi, kude nokubukwa kwabezindaba, kodwa lunomthelela wangempela ezinkulungwaneni zabantu abaswele. Basebenza njengama-radar athola eduze izimo eziphuthumayo kanye nokukhishwa kwezenhlalakahle, abazama ukuphendula kuzo ngaphakathi kwezinsiza zabo ezilinganiselwe kodwa ezisebenzayo.
Ngakho-ke, esinye sezincomo eziyinhloko ezithathwe embikweni ukuthi lo mnikelo othule udinga ukubonakala okukhulu kwezenhlalo nezikhungo. Umphakathi udinga ukuwazisa lo mzamo wobumbano. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi abaphathi benze umsebenzi wabo kube lula ngezinyathelo zokuwusekela, ngaphandle kokufuna ukuwulawula noma ukuwusebenzisa.
Njengoba lisho kuyona isifinyezo esiphezulu:
"Lokhu kuhlaziya akuhlolisisi emkhakheni wezenkolo noma ekuboniseni izisekelo zamahlelo enkolo ahlukahlukene mayelana nesenzo somphakathi. Impela, ezinye zalezi zisekelo, imibono nezinkolelo ziba sobala ngesikhathi socwaningo, kodwa lokhu akuyona inhloso yocwaningo. Inhloso iyasebenza kakhulu futhi ihlaziya ukuthi lesi senzo senhlalo sizibonakalisa kanjani, ukuthi sihlelwa kanjani, abantu nezinhlangano esihlobene nazo eSpain nokuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezihlangatshezwana nazo ekusetshenzisweni kwaso emphakathini ongahloniphi kakhulu.".
Amanani asekelwe kumbono womhlaba ophelele
Esinye isici esihlukile esivela ocwaningweni ukuthi isenzo senhlalo sale miphakathi sisuka ngokuqondile enkolweni yayo nasezinhlelweni zezinkolelo. Akulona nje usizo lwezobuchwepheshe noma lwe-aseptic, kodwa lugxile ekuboneni umhlaba kamoya owunikeza incazelo.
Ngakho-ke, imiqondo efana nobumbano, isisa kanye nobulungiswa bezenhlalo yakha ingxenye ebalulekile yalezi zinkolo futhi iba yimithombo yegalelo lazo emphakathini. Akuyona nje indaba yokunikeza usizo ngezikhathi ezithile kulabo ababencishwe amathuba kakhulu, kodwa ukwakha umphakathi onobuntu nonobulungisa.
Kuxhunywe kulo mbono wezwe ophelele, esinye isiphetho esifanele socwaningo ukuthi isici sikamoya siyingxenye ebalulekile yosizo olunikeza abantu abaswele. Bayaqonda ukuthi kanye nokuntula izinto ezibonakalayo, kukhona nokungezwani okungokomzwelo nokukhathazeka okudlulele okufanele kusingathwe.
Abacwaningi baphinde baqaphele ukuthi lokhu kunakekela okungokomoya okusemthethweni kungaholela ekuguquleleni abantu kwenye inkolo ethile, ngakho-ke batusa ukulingana okucophelelayo phakathi nesenzo somphakathi nabantu abangaphandle kwehlelo lomuntu siqu.
Umnikelo womphakathi kanye nosondelene
Uma sibhekene nokukhula kwezikhundla kanye nobuchwepheshe emkhakheni wezenhlalakahle, omunye ukhiye oqokonyiswe ucwaningo yikhono lalawa mahlelo ukuze aveze amanethiwekhi okusekela umphakathi. Ubudlelwano babo bangaphakathi bobumbano busebenza njengesivikelo ezimeni zesidingo kanye nezokushiywa ngaphandle.
Ngakho-ke, ingxenye enkulu yezinsiza abazihlanganisayo zivela kuzabelo noma iminikelo evela kumalungu awo, anomuzwa wokuthi angabantu abakhuthele besenzo somphakathi, kunokuba abe abamukeli abangenzi lutho bosizo lobuchwepheshe. Lo muzwa wokuzwana uqinisa ubuhlobo bomphakathi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi usizo lusetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni eziseduze nezindawo zokukhonzela, okuqinisekisa ukusondela kanye nekhono lokuphendula ngokushesha ezidingweni eziseduze nasekhaya. Lokhu kuhle futhi ekwakheni umphakathi.
Izakhiwo ezidinga ukwesekwa okwengeziwe
Nokho, ngaphezu kwawo wonke lawa mandla, lolu cwaningo luphinde lugqamise ubuthakathaka obubalulekile obuthiya igalelo lenhlalo lalezi zinkolo ezincane. Okukhulu kuhlobene nezinhlaka zenhlangano ezintekenteke zabaningi bazo, eziwukuzithandela ngokweqile futhi ezingahlelekile.
Nakuba abanye benjalo ihlelwe kahle kakhulu, eminingi yale miphakathi ayinawo amashadi enhlangano, ibhajethi, izivumelwano kanye nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe endaweni yezenhlalo, nakuba lokhu kungabavimbeli ekwenzeni konke okusemandleni abo ukuze baphumelele. Konke kuncike emizamweni nasekwenzeni okuhle kwamalungu abo azibophezele kakhulu. Nokho, lokhu kunciphisa amandla abo okuhlela, ukukhula kanye nokuqhubeka ezenzweni ezenziwayo.
Bebhekene nalesi simo, abacwaningi bafuna imizamo emikhulu yokufaka izikhungo, kanye nezinyathelo zokusekelwa komphakathi ezifaka isandla ekuqinisweni kwenhlangano yala mahlelo enkolo, kuyilapho behlonipha izimiso zabo zokusungula.
Baphinde baqaphele ukunqanyulwa kokuxhumana phakathi komkhakha wesithathu kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumana zomphakathi nezizimele. Ngokusho kocwaningo, ngakho-ke kuyaphuthuma ukuthuthukisa imigudu yezingxoxo kanye nokuxhumana nabanye abadlali bezenhlalakahle. Ukuphelelisana nokusebenzisana kubalulekile ukuze kuphindaphindeke umthelela.
Ngaphandle kwe-inertia yomlando
Ngamafuphi, ucwaningo lugqamisa uchungechunge lwamandla angaphakathi esenzo somphakathi esisekelwe enkolweni, kodwa futhi nenani lezinselelo ezisalindile zokuthuthuka kwalo ngokugcwele. Amandla nobuthakathaka okufanele kubhekwane nakho.
Ukunqoba inertia endala yomlando egcine le miphakathi yezenkolo isesimweni sokufihlakala. Bona isisindo sabo esikhulayo sezibalo kanye negalelo labo elibalulekile emphakathini. Nokucacisa imigudu evuna ukufakwa kwazo ngokugcwele emphakathini, kuyilapho kuhlonipha ukuhlukahluka kwazo okusemthethweni.
Njengoba abacwaningi bebonisa, izinkolo ezincane zinokuningi okufanele zifake isandla ekwakhiweni komphakathi obumbene, ofaka wonke umuntu futhi osekelwe ukubaluleka. Umcebo wabo wobumbano ungcwatshwe isikhathi eside kakhulu. Sesifikile isikhathi sokuyivubukula futhi ivumele ukuthi ikhanye. Le x-reyi eqinile yesenzo sabo somphakathi ingaba isinyathelo sokuqala kuleyo ndlela.
Isenzo senhlalo yezinkolo ezincane e-Spain: imephu, imikhuba nemibono
Ibhalwe nguSebastián Mora, Guillermo Fernádez, Jose A. López-Ruiz kanye no-Agustín Blanco
ISBN: 978-84-09-57734-7
Iminikelo yamahlelo enkolo ehlukene emphakathini maningi futhi amaningi futhi, phakathi kwalokhu, okunye okuqashelwa kakhulu amandla abo okusiza abantu abasezimeni zokungabandakanywa kanye nokuba sengozini. Kodwa-ke, izifundo ngesenzo somphakathi samahlelo enkolo amancane eSpain zisantuleka futhi ziyingxenye enkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokwenziwa kwezikhungo kanye nokwenza kube semthethweni kwesenzo senhlalo kwabaningi lalawa mahlelo alinamandla, angavumeli ukufinyelela okulula kwedatha futhi anciphise ukubonakala kwawo.
Lo mbiko uhlanganisa indlela yokuqala yokulinganisa nekhwalithi yesenzo senhlalo yamahlelo enkolo amancane e-Spain ngokubona kwawo kanye nokuqonda kwawo umkhuba wesenzo somphakathi. Ihlaziya ukuthi isenzo senhlalo yamahlelo enkolo ehlukene sibonakaliswa kanjani, izinqubo zabo eziyisisekelo, isikhathi abazithola kuso kanye nobunzima nezinselele ababhekana nazo, ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoba inikeza iziphetho neziphakamiso zesenzo ekuxoxisaneni nomphakathi. .
The I-Observatory ye-Religious Pluralism e-Spain yasungulwa ngo-2011 ngokuqaliswa koMnyango Wezobulungiswa, i-Spanish Federation of Municipality and Provinces kanye ne-Pluralism and Coexistence Foundation, ngokuhambisana ne-Measure 71 yoHlelo Lwamalungelo Abantu lukahulumeni waseSpain lwango-2008-2011 futhi ngenhloso yokuqondisa abaphathi bomphakathi. ekusetshenzisweni kwamamodeli okuphatha ngokuhambisana nemigomo yomthethosisekelo kanye nohlaka lokulawula olulawula ukusetshenziswa kwelungelo lenkululeko yenkolo eSpain. Ngaphandle kokulungisa umgomo wayo omkhulu, ngo-2021 i-Observatory iqala isigaba esisha lapho ukukhiqizwa kwedatha nokuhlaziya kuthatha indima enkulu.
