Uke ucabange ukuthi kungani ezinye izinsuku uzizwa ushisa kakhulu kunalezo ezikhumbuza ugogo nomkhulu wakho? Kungani izimo zesimo sezulu zibonakala zididekile? Hhayi-ke incazelo ingase ilale ngaphezu kwethu ingabonakali kodwa ibe nomthelela; amagesi abamba ukushisa. EYurophu njengasezingxenyeni zomhlaba la magesi aseyinkinga ecindezelayo. Ake sihlole izizathu zokubaluleka kwazo.
Ayini amagesi abamba ukushisa? Cabanga ngemoto yakho ipake elangeni elikhipha umkhovu etsheni futhi wonke amafasitela ayo evaleke ngci. Izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi likhuphukela phezulu kunangaphandle kwesokudla? Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukufudumala kwelanga kubambeka ngaphakathi. Esikalini amagesi abamba ukushisa asebenza ngokufanayo. Zisebenza njengengqimba ezungeze iplanethi yethu ebamba ukushisa futhi igcine izinga lokushisa elivumela ukusekela ukuphila.
Amagesi abamba ukushisa avamile ahlanganisa i-carbon dioxide (CO2) methane (CH4) ne-nitrous oxide (N2O). Nakuba la magesi ekhona ngokwemvelo emkhathini, imisebenzi yabantu efana nokushiswa kwezinto ezimbiwa phansi, ukuchithwa kwamahlathi kanye nezinqubo zezimboni ziye zakhuphuka kakhulu amazinga azo. Ngenxa yalokho ukushisa okwengeziwe kugcinwa emkhathini wethu okuholela eMhlabeni.
I-Greenhouse Gas Emissions, eYurophu
I-Europe ibe yisifunda, isikhathi esithile, okusho ukuthi ibikhiqiza ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa amakhulu eminyaka. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iYurophu iye yaqaphela kakhulu umthelela walokhu kukhishwa kwegesi ekuguquguqukeni kwesimo sezulu.
I-European Union (EU) eyakhiwe amazwe afana neJalimane, iFrance ne-Italy yenze inqubekelaphambili ekwehliseni intuthu engcolisayo. Kusukela ngo-1990 kuya ku-2019 i-EU yehlise ngempumelelo ukukhishwa kwayo ngo-24%. Naphezu kwale mpumelelo i-Europe isabhekene nezinselelo zokunciphisa izinga layo lesisi esibamba ukushisa.
Isimo Samanje; Ukuzibophezela kweYurophu ngekusasa kubonakala ngezinhlelo ezifana ne Isivumelwano sase-European Green okuhlose ukuzuza ukungathathi hlangothi kwesimo sezulu ngaphakathi kwe-EU ngo-2050. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukungengezi amagesi abamba ukushisa emkhathini kunalokho okungamuncwa—isifunda esaziwa ngokuthi “ziro” ezikhishwayo.
Amazwe amaningana aseYurophu ahamba phambili ngesibonelo kulokhu. Isibonelo, iDenmark isebenzisa amandla omoya ngenkathi i-Iceland isebenzisa amandla. Noma kunjalo ukunqoba ukuthembela kwamazwekazi, emalahleni, kuwoyela negesi yemvelo kuseyisithiyo.
Iqhaza Lemikhakha Ehlukene: Imikhakha eyahlukene inikela ngokuhlukile ekukhiqizweni kwesisi esibamba ukushisa kwaseYurophu.
Imboni yezamandla, ehlanganisa ugesi nokushisisa yiyona efaka isandla, ilandelwa eduze ezokuthutha ezithembele kakhulu kumafutha. Ezolimo nazo zineqhaza, kulesi sici ngemfuyo ekhiqiza i-methane nomanyolo okhipha i-oxide.
Ukubhekana nale mikhakha umthelela I-Europe yenza ukutshalwa kwezimali emithonjeni yamandla ekhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi kanye nokukhuthaza izindlela zokulima ezisimeme. Lezi zinyathelo azisizuzisi isimo sezulu. Futhi babe namandla okudala amathuba emisebenzi futhi bakhuthaze ukukhula komnotho.
Nokho-ke ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa kuhambisana nezinselelo zakho. Kudinga uguquko ezindleleni zethu zokukhiqiza amandla, imikhuba yokuhamba kanye nezindlela zokuphatha umhlaba. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubize futhi kube nzima kodwa kuveza namathuba okuqamba izinto ezintsha nokuthuthuka.
IYurophu ibhekene nomsebenzi wokulinganisa ukulingana phakathi kokukhula nokusimama kwemvelo. Lokhu kulingana kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukusekelwa kwezinqubomgomo njengoba izinguquko eziphuthumayo zingaholela ezinkingeni zomphakathi nezomnotho.
Ngokubona ukuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kweqa imingcele efana namagesi abamba ukushisa kwenza ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kuyabaluleka. I-Europe isebenzisana ngenkuthalo namazwe ngokusebenzisa izivumelwano ezifana ne-Paris Climate Accord ngenhloso ehlanganyelwe yokukhawulela ukufudumala kube ngaphansi kakhulu kwama-degree Celsius angu-2, ngaphezu kwamazinga angaphambi kwezimboni.
I-Europe idlala indima, ezingxoxweni ezisebenza njengesibonelo kwezinye izifunda kanye nokwelula ukwesekwa emazweni asathuthuka ekushintsheni kwawo emithonjeni yamandla ahlanzekile.
Ukuqhubekela phambili iYurophu inesiqondiso; ukuqhubeka nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa futhi sisebenzele ikusasa. Lokhu kuzobandakanya ukutshala imali kubuchwepheshe bezemvelo, ukuhlola kabusha izinhlelo zezokuthutha kanye nokushintsha imikhuba yokusetshenziswa.
Wonke umuntu waseYurophu unendima yakhe okufanele ayidlale noma ngabe abenzi benqubomgomo benza imithetho noma abantu bakhetha ukushayela ibhayisikili lokushayela. Kungumzamo sonke esinikela ngawo ekwamukeleni inselele ngokuhlangene kodwa futhi nokuqaphela umvuzo—iplanethi enempilo, yawo wonke umuntu.
Ukufingqa amagesi abamba ukushisa kuyindaba egxile ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa kwamaplanethi ethu. I-Europe ngendlela yayo yokucabanga ngamagugu kanye nendlela yokucabanga phambili iqala uhambo lokunciphisa lokhu kukhishelwa. Kuyindlela ephawulwe ngezithiyo. Futhi egcwele ithemba. Ngokuqonda indima ngamunye wethu angayidlala singahlangana. Qinisekisa ukuthi izitayela ezishisayo zibhekisela emfashinini kuphela futhi zingafaki amaplanethi ethu engozini.
