Ososayensi benze i-microbiome yezitshalo okokuqala ngqa, okwandisa ukwanda 'kokuhle' amabhaktheriya ezivikela isitshalo ezifweni.
Amasimu elayisi - isithombe esinezithombe. Ikhredithi yesithombe: Pixabay (Ilayisensi ye-Pixabay yamahhala)
Okutholakele eshicilelwe ku Nature nokuxhumana ngabacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseSouthampton, eChina nase-Austria, banganciphisa kakhulu isidingo sezibulala-zinambuzane ezibhubhisa imvelo.
Kukhula ukuqwashisa komphakathi ngokubaluleka kwe-microbiome yethu - inqwaba yamagciwane ahlala ngaphakathi naseduze nemizimba yethu, ikakhulukazi emathunjini ethu. Ama-microbiomes ethu amathumbu anomthelela kumetabolism yethu, emathubeni ethu okugula, amasosha ethu omzimba, ngisho nemizwelo yethu.
Izitshalo nazo zibamba izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zamagciwane, isikhunta, amagciwane, nezinye izinto ezincane eziphilayo ezihlala ezimpandeni, eziqwini nasemaqabungeni. Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, ososayensi bebecwaninga ngokujulile ama-microbiome ezitshalo ukuze baqonde ukuthi ayithinta kanjani impilo yesitshalo kanye nokuba sengozini kwaso ezifweni.
“Ngokokuqala ngqa, sikwazile ukuguqula ukwakheka kwe-microbiome yesitshalo ngendlela ehlosiwe, sikhulise izinombolo zamabhaktheriya anenzuzo angavikela isitshalo kwamanye amagciwane ayingozi,” kusho uDkt Tomislav Cernava, umbhali ngokubambisana. wephepha kanye Noprofesa Ohlangene ku-Plant-Microbe Interactions eNyuvesi yaseSouthampton.
“Le mpumelelo ingase inciphise ukuthembela emithini yokubulala izinambuzane, eyingozi emvelweni. Sizuze lokhu ezitshalweni zelayisi, kodwa uhlaka esiludalile lungasetshenziswa kwezinye izitshalo futhi luvule amanye amathuba okuthuthukisa i-microbiome yazo. Isibonelo, amagciwane akhulisa ukuhlinzekwa kwezakhi ezitshalweni anganciphisa isidingo sikamanyolo wokwenziwa.”
Ithimba labacwaningi bamazwe ngamazwe lithole ukuthi isakhi sofuzo esisodwa esitholakala kuqoqo le-lignin biosynthesis lesitshalo serayisi liyabandakanyeka ekubumbeni i-microbiome yaso. I-Lignin iyi-polymer eyinkimbinkimbi etholakala ezindongeni zamaseli ezitshalo - i-biomass yezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo iqukethe ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-30 e-lignin.
Okokuqala, abacwaningi baqaphela ukuthi lapho lesi sakhi sofuzo senziwa kungasebenzi, kwaba nokuncipha kwenani labantu bamagciwane athile anenzuzo, okuqinisekisa ukubaluleka kwawo ekwakhekeni komphakathi we-microbiome.
Abacwaningi base benza okuphambene, beveza ngokweqile isakhi sofuzo ukuze bakhiqize uhlobo oluthile oluthile lwe-metabolite - i-molecule encane ekhiqizwa isitshalo esibamba ngesikhathi sezinqubo zayo ze-metabolic. Lokhu kwandise ingxenye yamagciwane azuzisayo ku-microbiome yesitshalo.
Lapho lezi zitshalo ezakhiwe zavezwa kuzo I-Xanthomonas oryzae - i-pathogen ebangela ukubola kwebhaktheriya ezitshalweni zelayisi, yayingazweli kakhulu kulo kunelayisi lohlobo lwasendle.
Ukubola kwamagciwane kuvamile e-Asia futhi kungaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwesivuno serayisi. Ivamise ukulawulwa ngokufaka izibulala-zinambuzane ezingcolisayo, ngakho ukukhiqiza isitshalo nge-microbiome evikelayo kungasiza ukuqinisa ukuvikeleka kokudla futhi kusize imvelo.
Ithimba labacwaningi manje lihlola ukuthi lingathonya kanjani ukuba khona kwamanye amagciwane anenzuzo ukuze kuvulwe izinzuzo zezempilo ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo.
I-Microbiome homeostasis emaqabunga elayisi ilawulwa yi-molecule ye-lignin biosynthesis. ishicilelwe ku Nature nokuxhumana futhi iyatholakala ku-inthanethi.
Source: University of Southampton
