The 18th European Congress of Psychology yakaungana muBrighton pakati pe3 ne6 Chikunguru 2023. Dingindira rose raive 'Kubatanidza nharaunda kuitira nyika inorarama'. Sangano reBritish Psychological Society (BPS), kuburikidza neChallenging Histories Group, rakaita musangano wekusiirana uchiongorora nhoroondo dzeeugenics mune zvepfungwa, zvekare nezvino.
Symposium kuEuropean Congress yePsychology
Simposium iyi yaisanganisira hurukuro yakaitwa naProfessor Marius Turda, Oxford Brookes University, pamusoro pehukama huripo pakati peeugenics, psychology, uye dehumanisation. Izvi zvakateverwa nemamwe mapepa maviri, rimwe naNazlin Bhimani (UCL Institute of Education) aitarisa nezvenhaka ye eugenic mudzidzo yeBritain, uye imwe, naLisa Edwards, ane mhuri yakamborarama ruzivo rwezvikoro zvekuchengeta pfungwa muBritain. seRainhill Asylum.
"Aka ndekekutanga kuti simposium pamusoro peeugenics iitike pamusangano wepasi rose wePsychology uye BPS Challenging Histories Group yakabatsira mukuita kuti zviitike," Prof Marius Turda akaudza. The European Times.
Chiratidziro cheNhaka dzeEugenics
Hurukuro iyi yakakweva kurudziro yayo kubva pakuratidzira "Hatisi Tega" Nhaka dzeEugenics. Chiratidziro ichi chaive chakachengetedzwa naProf Marius Turda.
The Kuratidzwa yakataura kuti “eugenics ine chinangwa ‘chokuvandudza’ ‘kunaka’ kwemavara okugara nhaka yevanhu kuburikidza nokudzora kubereka uye, pakunyanyisa kwayo, nokubvisa vaya vanoonekwa nevanoti eugenics kuva ‘vakaderera’.”
Eugenics yakatanga muBritain neUnited States muzana ramakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, asi yakava sangano rine simba repasi rose nema1920s. Eugenics yakanangana nevanhu vezvitendero, madzinza, uye pabonde vashoma, uye avo vanorarama nehurema, zvichikonzera kuvharirwa kwavo uye kuvharirwa. MuNazi Germany, mazano eugenic ekuvandudzwa kwedzinza akabatsira zvakananga kukuuraya kwevanhu vakawanda uye Holocaust.
Prof Marius Turda vakatsanangura kuti “Victorian polymath, Francis Galton, ndiye munhu wekutanga kusimudzira pfungwa dzeeugenics mukati mepfungwa pamwe nekuve munhu mukuru mukusimudzira ndima senzira yesainzi. Pesvedzero yake panyanzvi dzepfungwa dzeAmerica neBritain dzakadai saJames McKeen Cattell, Lewis Terman, Granville Stanley Hall, William McDougall, Charles Spearman naCyril Burt akakosha.
"Chinangwa changu chaive chekuisa nhaka yaGalton munhoroondo yayo, uye kupa nhaurirano yekuti psychology nenyanzvi dzepfungwa dzakabatsira sei mukudzikisirwa kwevanhu vane hurema hwepfungwa. Zano rangu raive rekukurudzira nyanzvi dzepfungwa kuti dziwirirane nerusarura nekushungurudzwa kunosimudzirwa neveeugenics, kwete nekuti ndangariro dzekushungurudzwa uku dziripo nhasi, "Prof Marius Turda akaudza. The European Times.
Eugenics uye Psychology
Kutarisisa kwenhaka dzeeugenics paEuropean Congress of Psychology yaive panguva uye yakagamuchirwa. Izvo zvakakosha kwete zvishoma uchifunga kuti dzidziso dzesainzi senge psychology yanga iri nzvimbo yakakosha iyo nharo dzakadaro dzakatenderedzwa nekugamuchirwa. Asi, kwemakore akawanda izvi zvakanga zvisina kunangana kana kuti kunzwisiswa. Dambudziko renhoroondo ye eugenics pamwe chete nehupenyu hwayo huchiripo mumutauro wemazuva ano uye mune dzimwe nguva, maitiro anoonekwa mumakakatanwa pamusoro pekugara nhaka, kusarudzwa kwevanhu, uye njere.
Hunyanzvi hwesainzi hwakapihwa nenyanzvi dzepfungwa hwakashandiswa kushora, kuregeredza uye pakupedzisira kudzikisira avo vane hupenyu hwavaitonga nekutarisa. Ava vanhu vaionekwa sevamiriri vakasiyana, uye vasingakwanisi, vanhu vaifanira kuiswa muzvikoro 'muzvikoro zvepamusoro' uye 'makoloni' uye vachiiswa muzvirongwa zvedzidzo.
Zvakanakisa ikozvino isu tinofanirwa kuvaka chikuva chekusimudzira masangano uye nhaurirano yembeu pakati pevanodzidza nezvepfungwa, ine zvinosvika kure zvinorehwa nekuzvibata pachako, purofesa Marius Turda akadaro.
Sezvo nharaunda yesainzi yakaona kutangazve kwekukosha eugenic rhetoric muna 2020, zvichitevera kupondwa kwaGeorge Floyd uyezve nekutanga kweCovid-19 denda, zviri pachena kuti tinofanira kukudziridza nzira nyowani dzekufunga nekudzidzira psychology, kana tichida. kusangana nematambudziko ekugoverana atinotarisana nawo, isu pachedu uye pamwe chete pamwe nenyika uye pasi rose.
Archives Maneja weBritish Psychological Society (BPS), Sophie O'Reilly akaudza "Tinofara zvikuru kupa hurukuro iyi kuEuropean Congress of Psychology pamusoro pemusoro uchiri nemhedzisiro yakakura nhasi. Zvakare nekupa nhoroondo yehukama pakati pe psychology ne eugenics, nyaya yehupenyu hwemhuri hwemakore anopfuura zana ekuiswa kwemasangano uye kuitirwa rusarura ichave yakakosha kuburitsa izvi zvinokonzeresa.
"Psychology ine nhoroondo dzakaipa, idzo dzinogona kunge dzisina kumbopokana," Dr Roz Collings, Sachigaro weBritish Psychological Society's Ethics Committee vakadaro.
Dr Roz Collings vakataura kuti, "Iyi hurukuro inomutsa pfungwa uye inokurudzira yakabvumira vanhu maziso avo ndokutanga kubvunza. Hurukuro iyi yakapindwa zvakanaka nekurukurirano dzine hutano nemibvunzo yairatidza kubvunza uye kuda kuziva kwenyanzvi dzepfungwa kubva pasirese.
Akawedzera kuti "Zvakakosha kufungisisa, pane kukanganwa, uye kuramba uchifambira mberi mune zvepfungwa kupikisa chero ramangwana rakaoma ringave riri mberi. Iyi hurukuro yokusiyirana yakabvumira nzvimbo yokuti vakawanda vaite izvozvo chaizvo.”
Mumwe aivepo, purofesa John Oates, Sachigaro weBritish Psychological Society's Media Ethics Advisory Group, uye nhengo yeBPS Ethics Committee, vakatsanangura kuti: 'Sechikamu chebasa redu mukuferefeta zvinhu zvinonetsa zvebasa renyanzvi dzepfungwa dzakapfuura, British Psychological Society Challenging. Histories Group yakafara kuti yakakwanisa kushanda pamwe chete naProf Turda kuronga musangano uyu.
Muzvinafundo John Oates akawedzera kuti, "Zvaifadza kwete chete kuva nevateereri vakakura, asiwo kuva nevateereri vanoita hurukuro dzedu uye mafoni edu kuita chiito. Tarisiro yedu ndeyekuti tatanga nhaurirano ichapararira nekubatsira kurwisa nhaka yeugenic ideology iyo ichiri kukanganisa hurukuro dzeveruzhinji nedzakavanzika. "
Kudzivirira kodzero dzevanhu
Tony Wainwright, chiremba wepfungwa uye nhengo yeBPS Climate Environment Action Coordinating Group, akaratidzira neiyi nzira: “Zvakanga zviri zviviri mufaro mukuru uye panguva imwe cheteyo zvichikatyamadza kutora rutivi muhurukuro yokusiirana pamusoro pe'Nhaka ye. Eugenics Past uye Present'."
“Kukatyamadzwa kwakanga kuri mukuyeuchidzwa nezvokubatanidzwa kwepfungwa kwomunguva yakapfuura mukuumbwa kwemirangariro yakashata inoparira rusaruraganda nokusarura. Mutauro wedu unochengeta maungira ezvimiro zvepfungwa - zvave kushandiswa sekutuka - "moron", "idiot", Tony Wainwright akajekesa.
Akawedzera kuti, "Chiitiko chemhuri yake icho mumwe wevatauri, Lisa Edwards, akaunza kuchikamu chakaratidza kuti iyi yaisava nyaya yedzidzo asi yakave nemhedzisiro yakaipa."
Tony Wainwright akazoti, “Mufaro wakabva mukutarisira kuti kurangarira zvakapfuura kuchaita kuti vanhu vaite chiitiko chemazuva ano sezvo nhaka iyi ichienderera mberi. Tiri munguva iyo kodzero dzevanhu dziri kutyisidzirwa munzvimbo dzakawanda dzepasi, uye tinovimba, symposia yakaita seiyi ichasimbisa kuedza kwedu kudzivirira kodzero dzevanhu chero kwatinogona.
Pachiitiko chekongiresi BPS yakaratidzawo zvikamu zvechiratidziro 'Hatisi Tega: Legacies of Eugenics', yakarongedzwa naProfessor Marius Turda. Mapaneru echiratidziro anogona kutariswa pano:
https://www.bps.org.uk/history-psychology-centre/exhibition-we-are-not-alone-legacies-eugenics
Chiratidziro chizere chinogona kutariswa pano:
Zvakakosha, kuratidzwa kwakaratidzwawo munyaya yezhizha yeThe Psychologist, iyo yakagadzirirwa congress.
