Indikimba ethatha izinqumo yoMkhandlu isiqale inqubo yayo yokubuyekeza umbhalo obhaliwe onempikiswano ohlose ukuvikela amalungelo abantu kanye nesithunzi sabantu ababhekene nezinyathelo eziphoqelelayo kwezokwelashwa kwengqondo. Lo mbhalo nokho ubulokhu ugxekwa kabanzi futhi ngokungaguquki kusukela umsebenzi wawo waqala eminyakeni eminingana edlule. Indlela yeZizwe Ezihlangene yamalungelo abantu ikhombise ukungahambisani okusemthethweni nesivumelwano esikhona se-UN samalungelo abantu, esinqabela ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zenzo ezibandlululayo nezingase zibe nokuhlukumeza nokululazayo kwezokwelapha zengqondo. Ochwepheshe be-UN amalungelo abantu baye bazwakalisa ukushaqeka ngokuthi uMkhandlu WaseYurophu ngomsebenzi waleli thuluzi lomthetho elisha elivumela ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zinqubo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile kungase "kuhlehlise yonke intuthuko enhle eYurophu". Lokhu kugxeka kuye kwaqiniswa amazwi angaphakathi koMkhandlu waseYurophu ngokwawo, amaqembu okukhubazeka emhlabeni wonke kanye namaqembu ezempilo yengqondo nabanye abaningi.
UMnu Mårten Ehnberg, oyilungu laseSweden lesigungu esithatha izinqumo soMkhandlu waseYurophu, ubize IKomidi Longqongqoshe, utshele the European Times: “Imibono emayelana nokuhambisana kohlaka ne-UN Isivumelwano Samalungelo Abantu Abakhubazekile (CRPD) zibaluleke kakhulu.”
“I-CRPD iyithuluzi eliphelele elivikela amalungelo abantu abakhubazekile. Kuphinde kube yisiqalo senqubomgomo yokukhubazeka yaseSweden,” engeza.
Ugcizelele ukuthi iSweden ingumsekeli oqinile futhi ikhuthaza ukujabulela ngokugcwele amalungelo abantu abantu abakhubazekile, kuhlanganise nelungelo lokuhlanganyela ngokuphumelelayo nangokugcwele empilweni yezombangazwe neyomphakathi ngokulingana nabanye.
Ukucwasa ngezizathu zokukhubazeka akufanele kwenzeke
UMnu Mårten Ehnberg waphawula ukuthi “Ukucwasa ngezizathu zokukhubazeka akufanele kwenzeke noma kuphi emphakathini. Ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kufanele kunikelwe kuwo wonke umuntu ngokwesidingo nangemibandela elinganayo. Ukunakekelwa kufanele kuhlinzekwe ngokuhlonipha izidingo zesiguli ngasinye. Lokhu kuyasebenza futhi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwengqondo. "
Ngalokhu ubeka umunwe endaweni ebuhlungu. IKomidi Le-UN Lamalungelo Abantu Abakhubazekile - IKomidi Le-UN eliqapha ukuqaliswa kwe-CRPD - ngesikhathi sengxenye yokuqala yenqubo yokubhala lo mbhalo womthetho ongenzeka woMkhandlu WaseYurophu ukhiphe isitatimende esibhaliwe eMkhandlwini WaseYurophu. . IKomidi lathi: "IKomidi lithanda ukugqamisa ukuthi ukubekwa noma ukufakwa ezikhungweni ngokuzenzakalelayo kwabo bonke abantu abakhubazekile, futhi ikakhulukazi abantu abakhubazeke ngokomqondo noma ngokwengqondo, kuhlanganisa nabantu ''abanokuphazamiseka kwengqondo'', akuvumelekile emthethweni wamazwe ngamazwe ngenxa ye-athikili 14 yeSivumelwano. , futhi ihlanganisa ukuphucwa inkululeko yabantu abakhubazekile ngendlela engafanele noma ngokubandlulula njengoba kwenziwa ngesisekelo sokonakala kwangempela noma okucatshangwayo.”
Ukwenza noma yikuphi ukungabaza embuzweni wokuthi ngabe lokhu kuthinta konke ukwelashwa kwengqondo okuphoqelekile, iKomidi le-UN lanezela, "IKomidi lithanda ukukhumbula ukuthi ukufakwa kwezikhungo ngokuzenzakalelayo kanye nokwelashwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, okusekelwe esidingweni sokwelapha noma sokwelashwa, akuhlanganisi izinyathelo zokuvikela amalungelo abantu abakhubazekile, kodwa kuwukwephulwa kwamalungelo abantu abakhubazekile enkululeko kanye nenkululeko. ukuphepha kanye nelungelo labo lobuqotho ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. "
Umhlangano wePhalamende waphikisa
I-UN ayizimele yodwa. UMnu Mårten Ehnberg utshele the European Times ukuthi “Umsebenzi woMkhandlu WaseYurophu onombhalo obhaliwe wamanje (isivumelwano esengeziwe) uye waphikiswa, phakathi kokunye, IPhalamende Lomkhandlu WaseYurophu (PACE), okuthe izikhathi ezimbili iphakamise iKomidi loNgqongqoshe ukuba ukuhoxisa isiphakamiso sokwenza le protocol, ngesisekelo sokuthi ithuluzi elinjalo, ngokwePACE, lingeke lihambisane nezibopho zamazwe angamalungu zamalungelo abantu.”
UMnu Mårten Ehnberg waphawula lokhu, ukuthi iKomidi Longqongqoshe LoMkhandlu WaseYurophu nalo lalithe “kufanele kwenziwe konke okusemandleni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ezinye izindlela ezingezona ukuzikhethela kodwa noma kunjalo izinyathelo ezinjalo, ngaphansi kwezimo eziqinile zokuvikela, zingase zithethelelwe ezimweni ezingavamile. lapho kusengozini yokulimala okungathi sína empilweni yomuntu othintekayo noma kwabanye.”
Ngalokhu ucaphune isitatimende esakheka ngo-2011, kanti kusukela ngaleso sikhathi sisetshenziswe yilabo abakhulumela uhlaka lomthetho obhaliwe.
Yakhiwe ekuqaleni njengengxenye yokucatshangelwa kokuqala ukuthi ngabe umbhalo woMkhandlu waseYurophu olawula ukusetshenziswa kwezinyathelo zokuphoqelela kudokotela wengqondo uzodingeka yini noma cha.
Ngalesi sigaba sokuqala sezingxoxo a Isitatimende SeNgqungquthela Yezizwe Ezihlangene Yamalungelo Abantu Abakhubazekile yabhalwa yiCouncil of Europe Committee on Bioethics. Nakuba kubukeka sengathi i-CRPD isitatimende kodwa empeleni sibheka kuphela Ingqungquthela YeKomidi, kanye nereferensi yayo - i-European Convention on Human Rights, ibhekisela kuyo ngokuthi "imibhalo yamazwe ngamazwe".
Lesi sitatimende siye saphawulwa njengesikhohlisayo. Kubeka ukuthi i-Council of Europe Committee on Bioethics yacubungula iNgqungquthela yeZizwe Ezihlangene yamalungelo abantu abakhubazekile, ikakhulukazi ukuthi i-athikili 14, 15 kanye ne-17 yayihambisana yini “nokuba nokwenzeka ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile umuntu onokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. isimo esibucayi sokubekwa ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ukwelashwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, njengoba kubonisiwe kwenye kazwelonke kanye imibhalo yamazwe ngamazwe.” Isitatimende sibe sesiqinisekisa lokhu.
Umbhalo wokuqhathanisa wephuzu elibalulekile esitatimendeni seKomidi Lezimiso Zokuziphatha nokho ubonisa ukuthi empeleni awucabangi umbhalo noma umoya we-CRPD, kodwa umbhalo kuphela ophuma kumhlangano weKomidi ngokwalo:
- Isitatimende SoMkhandlu WaseYurophu Esimayelana Nesivumelwano Samalungelo Abantu Abakhubazekile: “Ukwelashwa noma ukubekwa endaweni kungathethelelwa kuphela, maqondana nalokhu ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okubucayi, uma kusuka ku ukungabikho kokwelashwa noma ukubekwa umonakalo ongathi sína ungaba umphumela empilweni yomuntu noma komunye umuntu.”
- I-Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine, i-Athikili 7: “Kuncike ezimeni zokuvikela ezibekwe wumthetho, okuhlanganisa izinqubo zokuqondisa, zokulawula kanye nokudlulisa icala, umuntu okwenzile lokho ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okubucayi angase afakwe, ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe, ekungeneleleni okuhloselwe ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwakhe kwengqondo kuphela lapho, ngaphandle kwempatho enjalo, umonakalo ongathi sína ungaba umphumela empilweni yakhe. "
Ukulungiswa okwengeziwe kombhalo obhaliwe
UMnu Mårten Ehnberg, uthe ngesikhathi kuqhubeka amalungiselelo, iSweden izoqhubeka nokuqapha ukuthi imigomo edingekayo yokuvikela iyagcinwa.
Ugcizelele ukuthi, “Akwamukelekile uma ukunakekelwa okuyimpoqo kusetshenziswa ngendlela esho ukuthi abantu abakhubazekile, okuhlanganisa nokukhubazeka ngokwengqondo, bayacwaswa futhi baphathwe ngendlela engamukelekile.”
Wengeze ngokuthi uHulumeni waseSweden uzibophezele kakhulu, kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe, ukuqhubeka nokwenza ngcono ukuthokozelwa kwamalungelo abantu abantu abagula ngengqondo nabakhubazekile, okuhlanganisa nokukhubazeka kwengqondo, kanye nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kokuzithandela, okusekelwe emphakathini. ukwesekwa nezinkonzo.
Waqeda ukuphawula, ukuthi umsebenzi kaHulumeni waseSweden mayelana namalungelo abantu abakhubazekile uzoqhubeka ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.
EFinland uhulumeni naye ululandela lolu hlelo eduze. UNksz Krista Oinonen, uMqondisi woPhiko Lwezinkantolo Zamalungelo Abantu Nezivumelwano, uMnyango Wezangaphandle utshele. the European Times, ukuthi: “Kuyo yonke inqubo yokuklama, iFinland iphinde yafuna inkhulumomphendvulwano eyakhayo nabalingisi bomphakathi, futhi uHulumeni ugcina iPhalamende linolwazi olufanele. Muva nje uHulumeni uhlele izingxoxo ezibanzi phakathi kweqembu elikhulu leziphathimandla ezifanele, ama-CSO kanye nabalingisi bamalungelo abantu. "
UNksz Krista Oinonen akakwazanga ukunikeza umbono ophelele mayelana nombhalo ongokomthetho obhaliwe, njengoba eFinland, ingxoxo mayelana nombhalo osalungiswa isaqhubeka.
